Bundle Adjustment for Target Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
The process of positioning points and objects in a construction site is labor-intensive, error-prone, and costly due to the need for manual measurement and the use of expensive equipment like total stations, which can be time-consuming and requires specialized skills.
Innovation Solution
A Position and Orientation Measurement Engine (POME) using a mobile camera system with multiple image sensors is employed to determine target locations through bundle adjustment, allowing for precise positioning without external tools like total stations, by acquiring images from multiple positions and estimating relative heading orientations and target heights.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual measurement and total station systems are used for positioning, then measurement precision can be achieved, but the process becomes labor-intensive, time-consuming, and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical total station systems with a camera-based photogrammetric system. Multiple cameras capture images of targets, and bundle adjustment algorithms compute precise positions without requiring mechanical measurement instruments. This substitution maintains measurement precision while dramatically improving productivity and reducing labor requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses image copies (photographs) of physical targets to determine their positions. Instead of direct mechanical measurement, the camera captures optical copies of targets from multiple viewpoints, and computational algorithms extract precise spatial information from these image copies, enabling fast and accurate positioning.
2Measurement precision
If total station systems are used for positioning, then accurate target location determination is achieved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical total station instruments with simpler camera systems. The total station requires specialized mechanical devices for angle and distance measurement, while the camera system uses standard imaging technology combined with computational algorithms, reducing device complexity and cost while maintaining positioning accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The camera system serves multiple functions: it captures images for photogrammetric measurement, provides visual documentation of the workspace, and can be positioned flexibly without requiring specialized mechanical mounting equipment. This multi-functionality reduces overall system complexity compared to dedicated total station systems.
3Measurement precision
If teams of workers perform manual layout measurement, then positioning can be completed, but time consumption and labor costs increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual measurement processes performed by teams of workers with an automated camera-based system. The cameras capture all necessary measurement data simultaneously from multiple positions, and computational algorithms automatically compute target locations, eliminating the need for sequential manual measurements and significantly reducing time consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary actions by capturing all necessary images from multiple camera positions before computation begins. This allows the bundle adjustment algorithm to process all measurement data simultaneously and compute precise positions in one operation, rather than requiring sequential measurements as in manual processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method simplifies and speeds up the positioning process, reducing costs and labor, while achieving precise target location determination, often within millimeters of surveyed values, and can be used for indoor construction site measurements.
Implementation Method 1
A Position and Orientation Measurement Engine (POME) using a mobile camera system with multiple image sensors is employed to determine target locations through bundle adjustment
Data Source
AI summary
A Position and Orientation Measurement Engine (POME) is a mobile camera system that can be used for accurate indoor measurement (e.g., at a construction site). The POME uses a plurality of cameras to acquire images of a plurality of targets. If locations of the plurality of targets are precisely known, images of the targets can be used to determine a position of the POME in relation to the plurality of targets. However, to precisely determine locations of the plurality of targets can be time consuming and/or use expensive equipment. This disclosure discusses how to use the POME itself to determine locations of the plurality of targets.