Buoyancy-Actuated Water Flow Control Device for Backflow Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional flow control devices fail to prevent the backflow of undesirable water, such as saltwater, into freshwater bodies during tidal surges or flooding, compromising water quality and causing flooding.
Innovation Solution
A water flow control device featuring a buoyancy apparatus with a flotation device and a gasket that controls the opening and closing of a conveyance channel to allow outflow while preventing inflow, using a polymer sheath and closed-cell foam for buoyancy and sealing, and legs for support.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional flow control devices are used to control water outflow, then water flow rate can be controlled, but they fail to prevent backflow of undesirable water into the basin
Solution Approach 1:
The device employs a buoyancy apparatus that dynamically responds to water level changes. The flotation device rises with water level to open the conveyance channel for outflow, and sinks when water level drops or reverse flow occurs to close the channel and prevent backflow. This dynamic operation eliminates the need for complex mechanical valves or motors.
Solution Approach 2:
The buoyancy apparatus automatically senses water levels and activates the flow control function without external control systems. The flotation device self-regulates the opening and closing of the conveyance channel based on buoyancy forces, eliminating the need for external pumps, motors, or control mechanisms.
2Productivity
If drains are sized and positioned to control water removal rate, then flow control is achieved, but backflow protection is not provided
Solution Approach 1:
The buoyancy apparatus dynamically adjusts the conveyance channel opening based on water level conditions. During normal outflow conditions, the channel remains open to maintain controlled water removal. When water levels indicate potential backflow or the basin is full, the apparatus automatically closes the channel to prevent contaminating inflow.
Solution Approach 2:
The flotation device provides feedback through its vertical position, which directly indicates water level conditions. This feedback mechanism automatically triggers the opening or closing of the conveyance channel without requiring external sensors or control systems, enabling real-time response to changing conditions.
3Ease of operation
If pumps are installed to control flowrate, then water removal control is improved, but cost and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The buoyancy apparatus performs flow control functions automatically through passive buoyancy forces. The flotation device rises and sinks in response to water level changes, naturally opening and closing the conveyance channel without requiring external power sources, motors, or control systems, thereby eliminating complex mechanical components.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces active mechanical control systems (pumps, motors, valves) with passive buoyancy-based mechanical response. The flotation device's vertical movement, driven by buoyancy forces, directly controls the conveyance channel opening, eliminating the need for powered flow control mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively manages the outflow of water from a basin while preventing the influx of undesirable water, maintaining water quality and reducing flooding risks by sensing water levels to open or close the flow path.
Implementation Method 1
a buoyancy apparatus that determines an open or a closed position of the water flow control device
Implementation Method 2
a gasket that seals an opening between the floor and the conveyance channel apparatus
Data Source
AI summary
A water flow control device is provided that opens to allow water to leave a basin and pour into another pool of water. The water flow control device closes when the level in the pool of water is such that an influx of water could be returned to the basin. The water flow control device has a buoyancy apparatus that opens and closes the water flow control device based upon the level in the pool of water. The water flow control device also has a conveyance channel apparatus that directs water from the basin through the water flow control device in the event the buoyancy apparatus provides an opening to do so.