Battery Module Bus Bar Venting for Instant Pressure Relief
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional secondary battery safety measures fail to effectively prevent explosions due to rapid temperature increases and pressure buildup, and existing cooling methods do not adequately address instantaneous risks.
Innovation Solution
A battery module design incorporating bus bar assemblies with venting knives that protrude toward the battery cells, coupled with a sensing unit to monitor pressure and trigger venting when necessary, thereby forming a venting hole to release gas and prevent explosion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If cooling medium is used to cool the battery pack, then temperature control is improved, but instantaneous explosion prevention capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The venting knife is pre-positioned within the battery cell structure, ready to immediately puncture the diaphragm and release pressure if thermal runaway occurs. This preliminary positioning ensures that the venting mechanism is activated instantly without requiring external intervention or complex sensing systems, thereby preventing instantaneous explosion while maintaining effective cooling through the cooling medium.
2Speed
If elements are mounted on the outside of the cell for protection, then safety response time is improved, but protection effectiveness deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The venting knife is nested inside the battery cell structure, positioned within the cell housing rather than mounted externally. This internal positioning allows the venting mechanism to directly access and puncture the diaphragm from the inside, ensuring both immediate response time and effective pressure release without requiring external mounting structures.
3Area of stationary object
If materials are used inside the cell for protection, then protection coverage is improved, but reliability of protection deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of relying on passive protective materials inside the cell, the invention extracts the active protection function by incorporating a mechanically actuated venting knife that actively punctures the diaphragm when pressure builds up. This active mechanism provides reliable protection by directly creating a pressure relief pathway rather than depending on material properties alone.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively prevents battery explosions by rapidly releasing internal pressure and gas, enhancing safety and reducing the risk of damage to the battery cells.
Implementation Method 1
the bus bar assembly includes a venting part including at least one venting knife which protrudes from the bus bars toward the battery cell
Data Source
AI summary
A battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a battery stack in which a plurality of battery cells including a cathode tab and an anode tab are stacked; a first bus bar assembly including a first bus bar connecting cathode tabs and anode tabs located at one end of the battery stack; and a second bus bar assembly including a second bus bar connecting cathode tabs and anode tabs located at the other end of the battery stack. The first bus bar assembly or the second bus bar assembly may include a venting part including at least one venting knife which protrudes from the first bus bar or the second bus bar toward the battery cell, such that stability of the battery module may be improved.