Vehicle Serial Bus Node Identification System
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional vehicle serial data buses, such as the MIL-STD-1553 data bus, lack the ability to identify newly added or replaced nodes, compromising security and potentially allowing unauthorized nodes to go undetected, which can lead to compromised critical vehicle systems.
Innovation Solution
A node identification system that executes diagnostic tests to sort nodes into groups based on operating data, using a hierarchy of tests to distinguish authentic from suspicious nodes, and generates security alerts for unauthorized nodes, utilizing a bus message controller and bus monitoring controller to analyze output data and compare it against expected operating data stored in look-up tables.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional serial data bus systems are used without node identification capability, then the system maintains simplicity and compatibility with existing standards, but security is compromised and unauthorized nodes cannot be detected
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary identification of nodes during the initial bus configuration phase. The bus controller executes identification routines that scan and register all nodes on the bus before normal operations begin, creating a baseline database of authorized nodes. This preliminary action ensures security is established upfront rather than reacting to threats later.
Solution Approach 2:
An intermediary identification system is introduced between the serial data bus and the nodes. This intermediary layer manages the identification process by mediating between node transmission requests and the bus controller, verifying node authenticity through diagnostic exchanges without disrupting the underlying MIL-STD-1553 protocol operations.
2Reliability
If diagnostic tests are implemented to identify nodes, then unauthorized nodes can be detected, but the time required for node identification and system initialization increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic identification routines that operate at scheduled intervals during bus operations. Rather than performing comprehensive identification continuously, the bus controller executes diagnostic test sequences at periodic intervals, balancing thorough node verification with efficient use of bus bandwidth and minimal disruption to time-critical avionics communications.
Solution Approach 2:
Node identification is performed preliminarily during system startup and after any bus reconfiguration events. This preliminary identification establishes the authorized node database before normal operations begin, allowing the system to quickly reference pre-verified node identities during routine operations without repeating time-consuming diagnostic sequences.
3Measurement precision
If comprehensive diagnostic tests are performed on all nodes, then accurate identification of authentic versus suspicious nodes is achieved, but the computational load and processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The identification system segments nodes into distinct categories: authorized nodes with verified identities, unauthorized nodes detected through diagnostic tests, and nodes in transition states. This segmentation allows the bus controller to apply different processing strategies to different node groups, reducing overall computational complexity by handling verified nodes efficiently while focusing intensive diagnostics only on suspicious or new nodes.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs partial identification on nodes that are already in the authorized database, using simplified verification procedures for known nodes. Comprehensive diagnostic tests are reserved for new nodes or those exhibiting suspicious behavior, applying excessive action only where necessary rather than uniformly to all nodes, thus reducing overall processing complexity while maintaining security.
Data Source
AI summary
A vehicle includes a data communication network, a serial data bus, and a plurality of electronic nodes in signal communication with the serial data bus. The vehicle further includes a node identification system configured to store a several different diagnostic tests, along with expected operating data corresponding to a given diagnostic test. The node identification system sorts the plurality of nodes into individual node groups in response to performing one or more diagnostic tests among the different available diagnostic tests.