Ammonia Engine Exhaust Control Using Bypass and Adsorption Catalysts
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional engine devices using ammonia as fuel face challenges in controlling the amount and ratio of nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the exhaust gas, leading to increased device size and inefficient exhaust gas purification.
Innovation Solution
The engine device incorporates a selective reduction catalyst to reduce nitrogen oxides, an ammonia adsorption catalyst to adsorb ammonia, a first bypass passage to bypass the ammonia adsorption catalyst, and path switch valves to control the flow of exhaust gas, allowing for optimized purification and compact device design.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an exhaust gas purification device is constructed based on the estimated maximum value of nitrogen oxides and ammonia in the exhaust gas, then the purification capability is ensured, but the capacity and size of the device increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the purification system adjustable and adaptable. The control unit dynamically controls the reducing agent supply amount based on real-time exhaust gas composition (ammonia and nitrogen oxides concentrations), allowing the system to optimize its operation for varying emission levels rather than being fixed for maximum values, thus reducing overall device size while maintaining purification capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes operational parameters by adjusting the reducing agent supply amount based on detected exhaust gas concentrations. Instead of operating at constant maximum capacity, the system varies the reducing agent injection rate according to actual emission levels, enabling compact device design while ensuring adequate purification for any exhaust gas composition.
2Reliability
If ammonia is mixed and combusted with hydrogen to improve incombustibility of ammonia, then the combustion performance is improved, but the exhaust gas properties deteriorate and require additional purification
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful exhaust gas properties resulting from ammonia-hydrogen combustion into beneficial information for control optimization. The exhaust gas sensors detect the actual emission levels, and the control unit uses this information to precisely control the reducing agent supply, transforming the combustion byproducts into a feedback mechanism that optimizes the overall system performance and minimizes harmful emissions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution facilitates a compact device design while maintaining good exhaust gas properties, reducing the amount of reducing agent used, and effectively purifying the exhaust gas by optimizing the ratio of ammonia to nitrogen oxides.
Implementation Method 1
a selective reduction catalyst which reduces nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas by a reducing agent
Implementation Method 2
a selective reduction catalyst which reduces nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas by a reducing agent
Implementation Method 3
an ammonia adsorption catalyst which adsorbs ammonia contained in the exhaust gas
Data Source
AI summary
An engine device is an engine device comprising an engine which is operated by a fuel containing at least ammonia, and comprises: an exhaust passage through which the exhaust gas exhausted from the engine is flowed in the exhaust direction; a selective reduction catalyst which is provided in the exhaust passage and reduces nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas by a reducing agent; an ammonia adsorption catalyst which is provided in the exhaust passage on the upper stream side than the selective reduction catalyst in the exhaust direction, and adsorbs ammonia contained in the exhaust gas; a first bypass passage which is connected to the exhaust passage to bypass the ammonia adsorption catalyst; and a first path switch valve which is provided on the upper stream side than the ammonia adsorption catalyst in the exhaust direction and switches whether the flow of the exhaust gas is passed through the ammonia adsorption catalyst or not.