Bytecode Profiling for Software Performance Prediction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Predicting the performance of software programs across different platforms is challenging due to variations in compiler optimizations, operating system performance, and hardware architecture, which can lead to uncertainties in execution time, energy consumption, memory usage, and network usage.

Innovation Solution

A method that profiles a software program in bytecode representation during execution to gather execution properties, and profiles the runtime on a target device by executing test programs to gather runtime properties, allowing for the prediction of performance based on these properties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If static analysis of raw bytecode is used to predict execution time, then prediction can be performed without execution, but it is difficult to know which parts of the bytecode are executed at execution time and with what frequency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprediction accuracyVSAvoiddifficulty of analyzing bytecode execution patterns
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a virtual machine that executes a virtualized version of the bytecode instead of the actual bytecode. This virtual execution environment allows comprehensive profiling of execution patterns without interfering with the original program's execution on the target hardware. The virtual machine records which bytecode instructions are executed and how frequently, solving the measurement difficulty while maintaining prediction accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The virtual machine serves as an intermediary between the bytecode and the target hardware. It mediates the analysis process by providing a controlled environment where bytecode can be executed and profiled without directly accessing the target hardware's execution details. This intermediary layer simplifies the detection of execution patterns while preserving the ability to make accurate performance predictions for the actual hardware platform.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If dynamic analysis of bytecode instructions is performed on real-time hardware, then execution patterns can be detected, but it significantly impacts program operation and negatively impacts prediction accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprediction accuracyVSAvoidprogram operation stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent executes a virtualized copy of the bytecode in a virtual machine rather than analyzing the actual bytecode on the target hardware during its normal execution. This virtual copy can be profiled extensively without affecting the original program's operation on the target system. The virtual execution environment isolates the analysis process from the production workload, maintaining both measurement precision and program reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent separates the analysis function from the execution function by implementing a virtual machine that handles bytecode interpretation and profiling independently. This segmentation allows the original program to execute normally on the target hardware while a separate virtual instance handles the dynamic analysis. The virtual machine captures execution patterns through its own internal monitoring mechanisms without injecting overhead into the original program's execution path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Ease of operation

If hardware performance events are profiled during execution, then intrusiveness is minimized, but the profiling is not comprehensive enough to detect all program features

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprofiling intrusivenessVSAvoidprediction accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses a virtual machine to execute and profile a virtualized version of the bytecode, which provides comprehensive instrumentation capabilities without the intrusiveness of hardware-level profiling. The virtual machine can instrument every bytecode instruction, track all execution patterns, and monitor complete program behavior, achieving comprehensive measurement while maintaining ease of operation through software-based rather than hardware-based profiling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The virtual machine provides a universal profiling platform that can detect all types of program features including bytecode instruction execution patterns, memory access patterns, control flow paths, and timing characteristics. This single virtualized environment replaces multiple specialized hardware profiling mechanisms, providing comprehensive analysis capabilities while maintaining minimal intrusiveness through the virtualization layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

4Adaptability or versatility

If source code analysis is used to predict execution time, then cross-platform analysis is possible, but different analysis systems are required for each programming language making support difficult and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecross-platform capabilityVSAvoidanalysis system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the representation parameter from source code to bytecode. Bytecode serves as a universal intermediate representation that can be executed on different platforms without requiring platform-specific analysis systems. The virtual machine executes the same bytecode on different virtualized platforms, allowing consistent profiling and prediction across diverse hardware architectures. This parameter change eliminates the need for multiple language-specific analysis systems while maintaining cross-platform versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The virtual machine acts as a universal intermediary that translates and executes bytecode from different programming languages and platforms. Instead of requiring separate analysis systems for each programming language, the virtual machine provides a single unified environment that handles all bytecode types. This intermediary layer abstracts away the complexity of language-specific analysis while preserving cross-platform capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS20250077389A1Method for predicting the performance of a software program
Publication Date: 2025.03.06 ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
  • US20250077389A1 patent drawing
  • US20250077389A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A method for predicting the performance of a software program. The method includes: profiling the software program in a bytecode representation thereof, wherein the profiling is performed during the execution of the software program, in order to provide an execution property of the software program; profiling a runtime on a target device, wherein the profiling is performed while executing at least one test program on the runtime of the target device, in order to provide a runtime property of the target device; predicting the performance of an execution of the software program on the target device based on the execution property of the software program and the runtime property of the target device. A computer program, an apparatus, and a storage medium are also described.