Aircraft Cabin Blower Variable Gear Transmission

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing cabin blower systems in aircraft are unable to consistently produce the required combinations of temperature, pressure, and flow, often resulting in oversupply and wasted energy due to the need for flow- or pressure-reducing valves when operating at higher speeds.

Innovation Solution

An aircraft cabin blower system with a transmission having variable gear ratios and a variable geometry compressor, allowing for discrete gear ratios and compressor geometry adjustments to optimize output, eliminating the need for expensive and unreliable variators.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the cabin blower system operates at higher speed to meet temperature, pressure, and flow requirements, then the required output can be achieved, but energy waste increases due to oversupply and the need for flow- or pressure-reducing valves

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecabin air flow and pressure outputVSAvoidenergy waste due to oversupply
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the compressor geometry variable rather than fixed. The variable geometry compressor can adjust its internal passages, blade angles, and flow paths to match the exact cabin requirements, allowing the system to operate efficiently across different conditions without oversupplying and wasting energy through reducing valves.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes physical parameters of the compressor (geometry, passage configuration, blade angles) to optimize performance. By varying these parameters according to cabin needs, the system can deliver precise amounts of pressurized air without the energy waste associated with fixed-geometry compressors that must operate at higher speeds and then reduce flow or pressure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If a variator is used to provide variable transmission ratio between the gas turbine engine and compressor, then continuous speed variation is enabled, but the system becomes expensive, heavy, and unreliable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevariable transmission ratio capabilityVSAvoidtransmission system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the variable ratio functionality from a complex variator mechanism and implements it through simpler means: a fixed transmission with discrete gear ratios combined with a variable geometry compressor. This separation allows the transmission to remain simple and reliable while the compressor handles the continuous adjustment needs through its variable geometry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the expensive, heavy, and unreliable variator with a combination of simple fixed gears and a variable geometry compressor. The fixed gears are inexpensive and durable, while the variable geometry compressor provides the necessary adaptability without the complexity of a continuously variable transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Reliability

If fixed gear ratios are used in the transmission, then the system is simpler and more reliable, but the ability to precisely match compressor output to cabin requirements is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetransmission system reliabilityVSAvoidcabin air flow and pressure precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent compensates for the fixed gear ratios by introducing variable geometry in the compressor. This dynamic adjustment capability in the compressor allows precise matching of cabin requirements even when the transmission provides only discrete speed steps, thereby maintaining both reliability and precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the functions of continuous variable transmission and variable output control into a single system: a fixed transmission with discrete ratios combined with a variable geometry compressor. This combination achieves the benefits of both approaches: the simplicity and reliability of fixed gears plus the precision of continuous adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient operation by optimizing air flow and pressure delivery regardless of gas turbine engine speed, reducing energy waste and enabling smaller compressor designs while maintaining performance.

Implementation Method 1

a transmission for receiving mechanical power from a gas turbine engine; and a cabin blower compressor, an output of the transmission being configured to drive the cabin blower compressor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical power transmission: Gear

Implementation Method 2

a cabin blower compressor, an output of the transmission being configured to drive the cabin blower compressor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas compression: Gas Compressor

Data Source

PatentEP3517437B1Cabin blower system
Publication Date: 2020.05.27 ROLLS ROYCE PLC
  • EP3517437B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3517437B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3517437B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An aircraft cabin blower system (100) comprising: a transmission (110) for receiving mechanical power from a gas turbine engine; and a cabin blower compressor (102), an output of the transmission (110) being configured to drive the cabin blower compressor (102); wherein the transmission (110) has a variable gear ratio and the cabin blower compressor (102) has a variable geometry, wherein variation of the gear ratio and the geometry provides a variable output of the cabin blower compressor (102).