Thermoplastic Cable Insulation UV Resistance Calcium Carbonate

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Solution Overview

Problem

Low voltage electrical cables face challenges in achieving high UV resistance without increasing costs, as existing UV stabilizers are expensive and not suitable for wire insulation due to color coding requirements, and current thermoplastic insulation materials are not adequately protected against UV degradation.

Innovation Solution

A thermoplastic insulation composition combining UV stabilizers with a calcium carbonate source, which provides a synergistic effect, enhancing UV resistance while reducing the amount of stabilizers needed, and allowing for cost-effective production and recyclability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If UV stabilizers are added to thermoplastic insulation material to increase UV resistance, then the cable lifetime is extended, but the manufacturing cost increases substantially

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveUV resistanceVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines UV stabilizers with calcium carbonate filler in a thermoplastic matrix to create a composite insulation material. This composite approach allows the UV stabilizers to be distributed within the material matrix, providing protection while the calcium carbonate filler serves as a cost-effective component that reduces the overall amount of expensive UV stabilizer needed, thus lowering manufacturing costs while maintaining UV resistance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses calcium carbonate, a cheap and abundant mineral filler, as a base material in the insulation composition. By combining this low-cost filler with UV stabilizers, the overall cost of the insulation material is reduced compared to using pure thermoplastic with high concentrations of expensive UV stabilizers, making the solution economically viable

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If carbon black is used as UV stabilizer in cable jacket, then UV resistance is achieved, but it cannot be used in wire insulation due to color coding requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveUV resistanceVSAvoidcolor code compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces alternative UV stabilizers (such as hindered amine light stabilizers or benzotriazoles) as intermediaries that can provide UV protection without the black coloration of carbon black. These stabilizers can be incorporated into the thermoplastic insulation material in small amounts (0.01-5% by weight) and do not interfere with the color coding requirements, thus mediating between the need for UV resistance and color code compliance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the insulation material by incorporating organic UV stabilizers instead of inorganic carbon black. This parameter change allows the material to maintain its transparency or color properties required by coding standards while still providing effective UV protection through the chemical UV-absorbing properties of the organic stabilizers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The combination of UV stabilizers with calcium carbonate in the thermoplastic insulation significantly increases UV resistance, maintaining effectiveness at high temperatures and reducing costs, while being environmentally friendly and recyclable.

Implementation Method 1

In the art it is known to use UV stabilizers in particular in cable jackets such as UV absorbers (typically carbon black) and hindered amine light stabilizers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectUV absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

A thermoplastic insulation composition combining UV stabilizers with a calcium carbonate source, which provides a synergistic effect, enhancing UV resistance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSynergistic effect:

Implementation Method 3

The insulation layer is both environmentally friendly and further it maintains its physical and operational integrity at temperatures of at least 90° C

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal stability:

Data Source

PatentEP2992534B1Electrical cable
Publication Date: 2019.08.07 NKT CABLES AS

AI summary

An electrical cable in particular for low voltage applications is described herein, The electrical cable comprises at least one conductive wire surrounded by an insulation, wherein the insulation is of a thermoplastic material comprising - at least about 0.01 % by weight of component A selected from oligomeric hindered amines of the HALS type having a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 3400; - at least about 0.01 % by weight of component B selected from UV stabilizers comprising at least one sebacate moiety substituted with at least one R1 and optionally R2, where R1 means 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl or 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl and R2 means methyl or 1,2,2,6,6- pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl; - at least about 0.01 % by weight of component C selected from hindered phenolics comprising a benzotriazole moiety and having a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 500 and - at least about 0.1 % by weight of a calcium carbonate source.