Electrical Cable Joule-Heating CO2 Emissions Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for a system to determine the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the heating of an electrical conductor of an electrical cable due to the Joule effect, which is not addressed by existing technologies.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive determination system integrated into or added to an electrical cable, comprising a measurement unit with temperature sensors and a calculation unit to determine conductor temperature and electrical intensity, allowing for the calculation of carbon dioxide emissions based on these parameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a measurement system is integrated into or added to an electrical cable to determine CO2 emissions, then measurement capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The measurement system is nested within the electrical cable structure itself. Temperature sensors are integrated into the cable layers, and the calculation unit processes data within the cable system, creating a hierarchical nested structure where measurement components are embedded within the cable's existing architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrical cable is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: power transmission and CO2 emissions measurement. The same cable structure that conducts electricity also houses the measurement system, allowing a single component to serve dual purposes and reduce overall system complexity.
2Measurement precision
If temperature sensors and measurement devices are integrated into the electrical cable, then measurement accuracy is improved, but ease of manufacture deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The cable manufacturing process is divided into distinct stages: first manufacturing the base electrical cable without sensors, then separately integrating the measurement system components. This segmentation allows each subsystem to be manufactured independently using optimized processes, reducing overall manufacturing complexity while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
Temperature sensors and measurement devices are pre-positioned and calibrated before final cable assembly. The measurement system is prepared in advance with predetermined sensor locations and calibration parameters, which simplifies the integration process during cable manufacturing and ensures measurement accuracy without complicating production.
3Reliability
If non-invasive measurement methods are used to determine conductor temperature, then cable integrity is preserved, but measurement difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
An intermediary substance or structure is introduced between the temperature sensor and the conductor to enable indirect temperature measurement. This intermediary allows the sensor to detect conductor temperature without direct contact, preserving cable integrity while facilitating measurement through a mediating element that transfers thermal information.
Solution Approach 2:
Direct mechanical contact measurement methods are replaced with non-contact or indirect measurement techniques. Instead of physically inserting sensors into the conductor, the system uses external sensors that detect temperature through the cable insulation or other non-invasive means, substituting mechanical intrusion with field-based detection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables non-invasive and non-destructive determination of carbon dioxide emissions by calculating conductor temperature and electrical resistance, providing accurate quantification of emissions without damaging the electrical cable.
Implementation Method 1
at least one temperature sensor to measure a peripheral temperature
Implementation Method 2
heating of an electrical conductor of an electrical cable by the Joule effect
Data Source
AI summary
A system (100) for determination of a quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of an electrical conductor of an electrical cable by the Joule effect includes an electrical cable (10) having at least one electrical conductor (12) and at least one layer of material surrounding the at least one conductor, and a measurement unit (110) associated with the electrical cable. The measurement unit has at least one temperature sensor (20) and a device (112) for measurement of the electrical intensity Icond of an electrical current circulating in the electrical conductor. A calculation unit (120) is configured to communicate information with the measurement unit, the calculation unit being configured to determine the conductor temperature Θcond by means of the at least one temperature sensor. The calculation unit is further configured to determine a quantity of emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from the heating of the electrical conductor by the Joule effect as a function of the conductor temperature Θcond and the electrical intensity Icond in the electrical conductor.