Calcium Hydroxide Absorber Membrane for CO2 Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current gas absorption technologies for reducing CO2 emissions, such as those using aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine, face high energy consumption, corrosion issues, fast evaporation rates, and solvent degradation, leading to high capital and operating costs.
Innovation Solution
A liquid-based gas purification system utilizing a mixture of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as an absorber in a fluid filtering device with a permeable membrane, which separates and absorbs CO2 and SO2 from gas streams, allowing for regeneration and reuse of the absorber solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional solvents such as aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine are used for CO2 absorption, then CO2 capture effectiveness is improved, but energy consumption increases and corrosion problems occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the absorption solvent from conventional amine-based solutions to alternative solvents with different chemical properties that require less energy for regeneration and produce less corrosion, while maintaining effective CO2 capture capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs absorbent materials that can be easily replaced or regenerated at low cost, accepting that the absorbent may have limited service life but compensating through low replacement costs and simplified regeneration processes
2Reliability
If conventional solvents such as aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine are used for CO2 absorption, then CO2 capture effectiveness is improved, but corrosion of process equipment increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful corrosive properties of conventional solvents into beneficial characteristics by selecting alternative solvents that achieve effective CO2 capture without the corrosive side effects, or by using corrosion-resistant materials specifically designed to work with these solvents
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite absorbent materials or solvent systems that combine multiple components to achieve both effective CO2 capture and reduced corrosion, such as mixing different solvent types or adding corrosion-inhibiting additives
3Reliability
If conventional solvents such as aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine are used for CO2 absorption, then CO2 capture effectiveness is improved, but solvent loss increases due to fast evaporation rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the solvent system, particularly the evaporation rate and volatility, by selecting solvents with lower vapor pressure or by operating at conditions that minimize evaporation, thereby reducing solvent loss while maintaining CO2 capture effectiveness
4Reliability
If conventional solvents such as aqueous solutions of monoethanolamine are used for CO2 absorption, then CO2 capture effectiveness is improved, but operating costs increase due to solvent degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs absorbent materials that are inexpensive to replace, accepting that they may degrade over time but compensating through low material costs and simplified replacement procedures, thereby reducing overall operating costs despite potential solvent degradation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements systems where degraded solvent is easily discarded and replaced with fresh solvent, or where valuable components are recovered from degraded solvent through simple processes, minimizing the impact of solvent degradation on operating costs
5Reliability
If liquid-based gas purification systems are implemented, then CO2 and SO2 removal efficiency is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functions into a single integrated device, merging CO2 and SO2 absorption, fluid distribution, and absorbent containment into one unified structure, thereby achieving high purification efficiency without proportionally increasing system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs the liquid-based purification system to perform multiple functions simultaneously, including CO2 removal, SO2 removal, and potential solvent regeneration, allowing a single system to address multiple pollutants and operational requirements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively reduces CO2 and SO2 concentrations in gas streams while being environmentally friendly and cost-effective, with the added benefit of using a reusable absorber that can be disposed of or reused in agricultural applications.
Implementation Method 1
a permeable membrane to the fluid disposed so as to intercept the first predetermined portion of the fluid
Implementation Method 2
A liquid-based gas purification system utilizing a mixture of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) as an absorber
Implementation Method 3
reservoir comprising a mixture of an absorber and a solvent... Ca(OH)2 as an absorber in a fluid filtering device
Implementation Method 4
separates and absorbs CO2 and SO2 from gas streams
Implementation Method 5
separates and absorbs CO2 and SO2 from gas streams
Data Source
AI summary
Conventionally air filters are particulate filters composed of fibrous materials in order to remove solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide absorbent filters within such systems in order to address the removal of gaseous impurity components from the circulating air in addition to conventional particulate filters. It would be further beneficial to provide such absorbent filters in a manner which is compatible with commercial and residential environments that represent the majority of such air circulation systems. It would be further beneficial to provide such absorbent filters in formats that are compatible with new system installations as well as retrofitting to existing system installations.