Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement with Phosphoserine Adhesion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Calcium phosphate composites used as bone substitutes lack sufficient adhesive strength to effectively adhere or fix bones together, due to insufficient chemical interaction with bone surfaces and other materials.
Innovation Solution
A composition comprising a multivalent metal compound, such as calcium phosphates, combined with phosphoserine or its analogs, which form cements with cohesive and adhesive properties in aqueous environments, allowing for bone-to-bone or bone-to-implant adhesion through ionic interactions and a tacky state that enables temporary positioning before hardening.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If calcium phosphate composites are used as bone substitutes, then bone void filling capability is improved, but adhesive strength to bone surfaces is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by incorporating phosphoserine (0.5-5% weight) and polyethylene glycol (1000-20000 molecular weight) into the calcium phosphate composite, transforming it from a non-adhesive material to one with significant adhesive properties to bone and other materials while maintaining bone void filling capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system combining calcium phosphate particles with phosphoserine and polyethylene glycol, where the composite exhibits both bone void filling properties and enhanced adhesive strength through the synergistic interaction of its components
2Strength
If phosphoserine is added to calcium phosphate cement, then compressive strength is improved, but bone adhesion properties are not appreciable at low concentrations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent identifies and applies a critical threshold parameter change: phosphoserine concentration must be at least 0.5% weight to achieve significant bone adhesion, while maintaining compressive strength benefits. This parameter threshold resolves the contradiction by defining the minimum concentration needed for both properties
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies phosphoserine preferentially at the bone interface region (surface area modification), creating localized adhesive quality at the bone-cement interface while maintaining overall compressive strength of the bulk material
3Ease of operation
If the composition remains in tacky state for positioning, then ease of operation is improved, but time to achieve final strength is extended
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a dynamic state transition in the composition: initially tacky for positioning (0-5 minutes), then transitioning to hardening state. This temporal dynamics allows ease of operation during positioning while achieving final strength within a predictable time frame
Solution Approach 2:
The composition provides preliminary tacky adhesion that enables temporary positioning and alignment of bone fragments before final hardening, allowing surgical positioning adjustments during the working time
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition exhibits a tacky state for temporary adhesion and putty state for shaping, eventually hardening to form a stable bond, maintaining adhesion over time through bone ingrowth and resorption, suitable for various medical applications including fracture fixation and implant integration.
Implementation Method 1
These calcium phosphate composites tend to form complexes primarily between calcium-based salts through charge interactions
Implementation Method 2
The composition exhibits a tacky state for temporary adhesion and putty state for shaping, eventually hardening to form a stable bond
Data Source
AI summary
Compositions and methods of their use to adhere a variety of materials together are disclosed herein. The compositions include at least multivalent metal compound, an effective amount of a compound that is structurally similar to phosphoserine, and can be mixed with an aqueous solution. The compositions provide adhesive and cohesive strength in both wet and dry environments which exhibit bond strength upon curing with the possible usage as bone cement for bone filler applications.