Calcium Phosphate Cement Temperature Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Calcium phosphate cements are highly temperature sensitive, becoming runny at temperatures below 19°C and dry and crumbly at temperatures above 22°C, which limits their use in surgical applications such as bone repair due to issues with injection and mechanical properties.
Innovation Solution
The development of temperature-insensitive calcium phosphate cements using a dry component with fine and coarse calcium phosphate particulate reactants and a setting fluid containing cellulose, allowing for a consistent flowable composition across a broad temperature range, from 15 to 25°C, which maintains mechanical properties and usability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If calcium phosphate cement is used below 19° C., then the cement becomes runny and mechanical properties decrease, but above 22° C. the cement becomes dry and crumbly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the cement by incorporating specific ratios of calcium phosphate particles (fine and coarse) and binding agents. This compositional parameter change enables the cement to maintain stable flowable properties across a broader temperature range (15-25° C.), resolving the temperature sensitivity issue without compromising handling properties
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite cement system combining multiple components: fine calcium phosphate particles, coarse calcium phosphate particles, and binding agents in specific proportions. This composite structure provides both flowability at lower temperatures and structural integrity at higher temperatures, eliminating the runny and crumbly problems respectively
2Ease of operation
If calcium phosphate cement is used below 19° C., then the cement remains flowable, but mechanical properties decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts the particle size distribution parameters and binding agent concentration to optimize the cement's behavior at lower temperatures. The specific composition allows the cement to maintain both flowability for easy injection and sufficient mechanical strength for structural support even at temperatures below 19° C.
3Stability of the object's composition
If calcium phosphate cement is used above 22° C., then the cement sets properly, but it becomes dry and crumbly making injection difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the water-to-powder ratio and binding agent content to prevent excessive drying at higher temperatures. This compositional adjustment ensures the cement remains sufficiently flowable for easy injection while still achieving proper setting stability above 22° C.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The temperature-insensitive calcium phosphate cements produce a consistent, flowable composition that sets into a strong calcium phosphate product, enabling effective use in bone repair and other applications without the limitations of temperature sensitivity, with improved injectability and mechanical strength.
Implementation Method 1
a setting fluid which includes a cellulose. The dry component and setting fluid may be combined over a broad temperature range to produce a flowable composition
Data Source
AI summary
Temperature-insensitive calcium phosphate cements and methods of using the same are provided. Aspects of the cements include a dry component having fine and coarse calcium phosphate particulate reactants and a setting fluid which includes a cellulose. The dry component and setting fluid may be combined over a broad temperature range to produce a flowable composition. The resultant flowable composition finds use in a variety of different applications, including the repair of hard tissue defects, e.g., bone defects such as fractures.