Caller Verification via Carrier Metadata Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solutions for detecting fraudulent or spoofed telephone calls are either overly complex, require cryptographic mechanisms, or lack robust features for tracking fraudulent behavior and verified callers.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for passive caller verification and fraud risk assessment using signaling data, which generates probability scores based on carrier metadata and Caller ID information, without requiring cryptography or outbound calls.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption or verification keys are implemented for call verification, then call security and fraud detection capability are improved, but system complexity and implementation difficulty increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential verification information (carrier metadata) from the complex cryptographic authentication process. Instead of implementing full cryptographic verification, the system extracts and analyzes key metadata fields such as carrier code, calling line identifier, and network routing information to determine call authenticity, thereby simplifying the verification mechanism while maintaining effectiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses inexpensive, easily obtainable carrier metadata that is naturally generated during call setup rather than requiring expensive cryptographic keys or certificates. This metadata is transient and automatically provided by the telephony network, eliminating the need for complex key management infrastructure
2Loss of information
If outbound reciprocal calls are made to verify line status, then information about call legitimacy is improved, but system overhead and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs verification analysis on carrier metadata that is already provided during the inbound call setup process, before any outbound reciprocal call would be necessary. The system proactively analyzes the incoming call's metadata fields to determine legitimacy, eliminating the need for subsequent verification calls
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the carrier metadata that the calling party's network automatically provides during call setup to verify the call's legitimacy. The incoming call essentially verifies itself through its own metadata, eliminating the need for the receiving system to initiate separate verification calls
3Reliability
If comprehensive call data analysis is performed to detect fraudulent behavior, then fraud detection capability is improved, but processing time and computational resources increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent analyzes a selective subset of carrier metadata fields that are most indicative of fraud (such as carrier code consistency, calling line identifier format, and network routing information) rather than processing all possible call data. This partial analysis approach provides sufficient fraud detection capability while minimizing processing overhead
Solution Approach 2:
The verification process is segmented into discrete metadata field analyses (carrier code verification, calling line identifier validation, network routing consistency checks) that can be evaluated independently and quickly. This segmentation allows for efficient processing by breaking down the complex analysis into small, manageable checks
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments described herein provide for passive caller verification and/or passive fraud risk assessments for calls to customer call centers. Systems and methods may be used in real time as a call is coming into a call center. An analytics server of an analytics service looks at the purported Caller ID of the call, as well as the unaltered carrier metadata, which the analytics server then uses to generate or retrieve one or more probability scores using one or more lookup tables and/or a machine-learning model. A probability score indicates the likelihood that information derived using the Caller ID information has occurred or should occur given the carrier metadata received with the inbound call. The one or more probability scores be used to generate a risk score for the current call that indicates the probability of the call being valid (e.g., originated from a verified caller or calling device, non-fraudulent).