Calorimetric Probe Vacuum Insulation Heat Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing reaction calorimeter probes face challenges in achieving reliable measurements due to external temperature fluctuations and high heat conductivity of air, leading to inaccurate detection of small amounts of heat production in chemical processes.
Innovation Solution
A reaction calorimeter probe with an inner tube isolated by vacuum and temperature sensors capable of measuring absolute temperatures with high resolution, combined with a calculation device and initiation thermometers, to determine heat production with enhanced accuracy and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If air is used to fill the space between the inner tube and outer tube, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the heat conductivity is too high which affects measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies vacuum as an inert environment by evacuating the space between the inner tube and outer tube. This eliminates air molecules that conduct heat, creating thermal insulation. The vacuum environment prevents heat transfer through conduction and convection, allowing accurate measurement of temperature changes in the reaction medium without external thermal interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the harmful element (air) from the measurement environment by creating a vacuum. By removing air molecules from the space between the tubes, the system eliminates the primary source of unwanted heat conduction, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining structural simplicity.
2Measurement precision
If temperature sensors are arranged to measure absolute temperature with high resolution, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces the vacuum space as an intermediary thermal insulation layer between the reaction medium and external environment. This mediator blocks external heat transfer, creating a controlled thermal environment that enables standard temperature sensors to achieve high measurement precision without requiring complex sensor designs or additional compensation mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex thermal isolation mechanisms with a vacuum environment. Instead of using multiple insulating layers, thermal barriers, or active temperature control systems, the vacuum provides passive thermal isolation, simplifying the device structure while enabling high-resolution temperature measurements.
3Reliability
If vacuum is provided in the space between inner tube and outer tube, then thermal isolation is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vacuum environment serves as a reliable thermal barrier by eliminating gas molecules that would otherwise conduct heat. This inert environment approach provides consistent and reliable thermal isolation, preventing external temperature fluctuations from affecting the measurement of heat production in the reaction medium.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical parameter of the space between tubes from atmospheric pressure to vacuum. This parameter change fundamentally alters the heat transfer characteristics, reducing thermal conductivity to near-zero levels and providing reliable thermal isolation for accurate calorimetric measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables precise and reliable determination of small heat productions, offering 100 times greater sensitivity than existing probes, effectively isolating the inner tube from external temperature influences and providing accurate heat production measurements.
Implementation Method 1
a sealed space between the inner tube and the outer tube, wherein the space is provided with a vacuum
Implementation Method 2
a first temperature sensor arranged at an inlet end of the inner tube, a second temperature sensor arranged at an outlet end of the inner tube... wherein the first and second temperature sensors are arranged in the space and in contact with the outer surface of the inner tube for measuring an absolute temperature of the inner tube
Data Source
AI summary
A reaction calorimeter probe having an inner tube having a pumpable reaction medium flowing therethrough, and an outer tube extending coaxially of the inner tube, a sealed space between the inner and outer tube, a first temperature sensor at an inlet end of the inner tube, a second temperature sensor at an outlet end of the inner tube, at a distance from the first temperature sensor, the first and second temperature sensors are in the space and in contact with the outer surface of the inner tube for measuring an absolute temperature of the inner tube, the first and second temperature sensors enable determinations of absolute temperatures, and a calculation device connected with the first and second temperature sensors, the calculation device to determine a first absolute temperature, a second absolute temperature and to determine a temperature difference between the first and second absolute temperatures.