3D Camera Electrode Localization for Heart Tissue Activity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current ECG technologies face challenges in accurately localizing heart dysfunction such as premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and other arrhythmias due to the reliance on standard electrode positions, which can be misaligned, leading to variable and large errors in localization.
Innovation Solution
A 3D camera-based system is integrated into the Cardiac Isochrone Positioning System (CIPS) to create a subject-specific electrode torso model, allowing for the accurate localization of electrodes and estimation of electrical activity distribution, fluctuation, and movement through heart tissue, using a combination of anatomical models and algorithms like the fastest route algorithm.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If standard electrode positions are used for ECG measurements, then the procedure is simple and quick, but localization accuracy of heart dysfunction deteriorates due to electrode misalignment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical positioning system with an optical 3D camera-based system. The camera captures the actual 3D positions of electrodes on the patient's torso and uses image processing algorithms to determine precise locations, substituting manual mechanical placement with automated optical measurement and computational analysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a digital 3D copy of the patient's torso surface and electrode positions through photogrammetry. This digital model serves as a replica that can be analyzed computationally to determine exact electrode locations without physically moving or repositioning the electrodes on the patient.
2Measurement precision
If 3D camera-based electrode localization is implemented, then localization precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the 3D camera system universal by enabling it to capture images for multiple purposes: electrode localization, anatomical landmark identification, and verification of electrode-torso alignment. This multi-functional approach consolidates several measurement tasks into a single device, reducing overall system complexity despite the advanced capabilities of the camera system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-calibration and automatic coordinate transformation between the camera reference frame and the ECG measurement system. The software automatically identifies anatomical landmarks, establishes coordinate systems, and transforms electrode positions without requiring manual calibration procedures or expert intervention, making the complex system easier to operate.
3Measurement precision
If manual electrode repositioning is performed to correct misalignment, then localization accuracy improves, but time consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary 3D localization of electrode positions immediately after placement using the 3D camera system. This preliminary action identifies any misalignment before it affects the diagnostic procedure, allowing for corrective measures to be taken early in the process rather than discovering errors later and requiring time-consuming repositioning.
Solution Approach 2:
The system provides immediate visual feedback by displaying the detected electrode positions overlaid on the 3D torso model. This feedback mechanism allows operators to verify correct placement in real-time and makes adjustments if needed, preventing accumulation of positioning errors and avoiding time-consuming post-procedure corrections.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer implemented method for processing measurement data from electrocardiogram, ECG, electrodes on a subject. The method includes obtaining a 3D anatomical model of the torso of the subject, and obtaining a 3D image of the torso of the subject. The three dimensional image is aligned with the three-dimensional model. A position of each electrode in the three-dimensional model is determined from the three dimensional image. The positions of the electrodes in the three dimensional model are used for estimating the distribution, fluctuation and/or movement of electrical activity through heart tissue.