Uplink Beam Training With Candidate Beams to Reduce Training Time
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge in high-frequency wireless communication systems, such as those using IEEE 802.11ad and IEEE 802.11ay, is the large path loss and severe signal attenuation in millimeter-wave channels, necessitating efficient beam training to enhance transmission efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus for beam training that involves an access point sending configuration information to stations to determine optimal uplink beams, reducing blind training and minimizing inter-user interference, enabling parallel data transmission with reduced MU-MIMO interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a STA performs beam training on all uplink beams, then comprehensive beam coverage is achieved, but beam training time increases and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The access point performs preliminary beam scanning and measurement to identify candidate uplink beams before the station performs beam training. This preliminary action narrows down the search space, allowing the station to focus training only on selected candidate beams rather than all possible beams, thus reducing training time while maintaining training completeness
Solution Approach 2:
The beam training process is segmented into two phases: (1) access point performs beam scanning to identify candidate beams, and (2) station performs beam training only on the selected candidate beams. This segmentation divides the comprehensive beam training task into manageable parts, reducing the overall time required while ensuring reliable beam selection
2Productivity
If multiple STAs perform parallel uplink data transmission, then transmission efficiency improves, but inter-user interference increases
Solution Approach 1:
The access point selects candidate uplink beams with low inter-user interference based on beam scanning and measurement results. By ensuring that each station is assigned to a beam with minimal interference from other users, the system enables parallel transmission while maintaining low inter-user interference levels
Solution Approach 2:
The access point uses feedback from beam scanning and measurement to make informed decisions about beam assignment. By measuring the interference characteristics of different beams and using this feedback to select optimal beams for each station, the system coordinates parallel transmissions to minimize mutual interference
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides a beam training method and apparatus. The method includes: An access point AP may send training configuration information to a plurality of stations potSTAs. A STA may determine, based on the training configuration information, a second uplink beam used to send a training frame, and send the training frame to the AP based on the corresponding second uplink beam. The AP may determine, based on the training frame sent by the STA, a third uplink beam used by the STA to send uplink data. Compared with a case in which a STA sends training frames by using all uplink beams, the method and the apparatus in this application can improve beam training efficiency.