Cannula with Bone Penetration Indicator for Intraosseous Injection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing intraosseous (IO) devices face challenges in accurately accessing bone marrow due to difficulties in determining the correct penetration depth, particularly in infants and individuals with excessive soft tissue, leading to potential overpenetration and injury to surrounding tissues and organs.
Innovation Solution
A cannula with a penetrator-independent proximal bone penetration indicator (PBPI) that provides tactile and visual feedback through mechanical vibration intensifiers and a stopper mechanism to indicate initial bone penetration and prevent overpenetration, ensuring accurate depth control during IO procedures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a needle is used to penetrate bone cortex for intraosseous injection, then vascular access can be achieved, but it is difficult to determine the correct penetration depth leading to potential overpenetration and injury
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates a feedback mechanism through a proximal bone penetration indicator (PBPI) that provides real-time tactile and visual feedback to the operator. When the needle tip contacts the proximal bone cortex, the PBPI activates to indicate the correct penetration depth has been reached, preventing overpenetration and injury to surrounding tissues.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces reliance on operator tactile sensation alone with a mechanical indication system. The PBPI mechanism converts the mechanical contact between needle and bone into a detectable signal (visual or tactile feedback), eliminating the need for the operator to interpret subtle resistance changes manually.
2Ease of operation
If automatic IO devices are used to drive needle to predetermined penetration depth, then penetration procedure is simplified, but the health practitioner has no knowledge as to which anatomical structures have been actually penetrated
Solution Approach 1:
The PBPI provides real-time feedback during the penetration procedure, allowing the operator to confirm when the needle has contacted the proximal bone cortex. This maintains simplicity of operation while eliminating information loss by providing direct confirmation of anatomical structure penetration.
Solution Approach 2:
The device performs preliminary detection of bone cortex contact through the PBPI mechanism before completing the full penetration procedure. This allows the operator to verify correct anatomical targeting before advancing the needle further, ensuring informed operation.
3Measurement precision
If terminable manual IO devices are used to allow supervision of needle penetration, then penetration depth can be controlled, but the tactile perception is not noticeable when penetrating thin bones or excessive tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes the unreliable tactile perception mechanism with a dedicated mechanical indication system. The PBPI converts the subtle mechanical event of bone cortex contact into a pronounced signal that is easily detectable, eliminating the difficulty of sensing penetration in thin bones or through excessive tissue.
Solution Approach 2:
The PBPI may utilize mechanical vibration or oscillation to provide detectable feedback when bone contact occurs. This vibration-based indication amplifies the penetration signal, making it noticeable even when penetrating thin bones or through layers of excessive soft tissue where traditional tactile feedback would be imperceptible.
4Force
If high force is applied to penetrate thick and dense bones, then penetration can be achieved, but the attention of the health practitioner is diverted
Solution Approach 1:
The PBPI provides automatic feedback that eliminates the need for the operator to maintain constant attention on penetration progress. The mechanical indication system monitors and reports bone contact status, allowing the operator to apply necessary force without diverting attention from other critical tasks.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The PBPI enhances the accuracy of IO procedures by providing pronounced tactile feedback and preventing overpenetration, reducing the risk of injury and ensuring effective access to the bone marrow, even in challenging anatomical conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a roughened surface provided at a distal end of an outer surface of the cannula body without abruptly increasing an outer diameter of the cannula body, to assist in increasing an amplitude of vibrations that are generated immediately upon contact with a bone cortex
Data Source
AI summary
A cannula for use in a terminable intraosseous device comprises a cannula body, and a penetrator-independent proximal bone penetration indicator (PBPI) associated with the body for positively indicating initial penetration into the proximal bone. In various embodiments, the PBPI comprises a roughened surface provided at a distal end of the cannula body to assist in increasing an amplitude of vibrations that are generated immediately upon contact with a proximal bone cortex during performance of an intraosseous injection, a resilient element fixed at one end which becomes plastically deformed, a visually indicative element which is exposed when the distance between the cannula body and penetrator is changed, or a frictionally engageable element. In some embodiments, a stopper prevents additional penetration into the proximal bone, and a reinforcing member inserted within a cannula body lumen reinforces a thin-walled portion of the cannula body.