Capacitive Conveyor Step Detection System

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing safety control systems for conveyors are unreliable in detecting missing or misaligned steps, particularly when steps are grossly out of position or made of non-metallic materials, and are prone to false positives due to environmental factors and varying conveyor speeds, necessitating costly certified sensors and modifications.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising drive speed sensors, step sensors at each platform, and a control unit that determines the frequency and phase difference of pulse signals to detect missing steps, providing instructions to adjust conveyor operation, using inductive sensors to output alternating signals and correlating fixed reference values independent of conveyor speed and time.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If electromechanical switches are used to detect missing steps, then the system can detect misaligned steps in the return path, but the system becomes unreliable when steps are grossly out of position or completely detached, and the switches are prone to wear and failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection reliabilityVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces electromechanical switches with a capacitive sensor system that uses electrical fields instead of mechanical contact. The capacitive sensor detects changes in capacitance caused by the presence or absence of steps, eliminating mechanical wear and improving reliability for detecting grossly misaligned or detached steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary processing system that analyzes capacitive sensor signals and correlates them with drive motor signals. This intermediary layer filters false positives and provides more reliable detection by comparing expected step positions with actual sensor readings.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If photoelectric sensors are used to detect missing steps, then the system can monitor step alignment, but each step requires significant modifications including through-holes, and the system is susceptible to dust and debris interrupting light paths

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestep alignment detection precisionVSAvoidstep modification requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces photoelectric sensors with capacitive sensors that detect steps through electrical field interaction with metallic components. This substitution eliminates the need for modifying steps with through-holes and removes susceptibility to dust and debris blocking light paths, as capacitive sensing works through non-contact electrical field interaction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If proximity sensors are used to detect missing steps, then the system can detect step presence, but the system requires significant modifications to step configuration and is ineffective when steps have insufficient metal content

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestep detection reliabilityVSAvoidcompatibility with different step materials
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses capacitive sensing parameters that can be adjusted to detect different levels of metallic content in steps. By changing the sensitivity and threshold parameters of the capacitive sensor system, it can adapt to detect steps with varying metal content, including those with reduced metal inserts, without requiring significant modifications to step configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Reliability

If existing safety control systems are used, then the system can provide missing step detection, but false positives occur due to environmental factors and varying conveyor speeds, requiring costly certified sensors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection accuracyVSAvoidcost of sensors
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback system that correlates capacitive sensor readings with drive motor signals to verify detected anomalies. By comparing expected step positions based on motor operation with actual sensor readings, the system filters false positives caused by environmental factors and speed variations, improving detection accuracy without requiring costly certified sensors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary signal processing system that analyzes and correlates data from capacitive sensors and drive motors. This intermediary layer processes raw sensor data, filters noise from environmental factors, and provides more accurate detection results, reducing the need for expensive certified sensors while maintaining high reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a robust, cost-effective, and redundant missing step detection system that accurately identifies misaligned or missing steps at all conveyor speeds and operations, reducing false positives and compliance with safety standards without requiring costly certified sensors.

Implementation Method 1

proximity sensors which constantly detect the presence of each passing step in the return path. Such sensors electromagnetically interact with the metal in the passing step

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2421788B1A device and method for detecting a missing step of a conveyor
Publication Date: 2018.12.26 OTIS ELEVATOR CO
  • EP2421788B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2421788B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2421788B1 patent drawingFigure 4A~4B

AI summary

A device (100) and method for detecting a misaligned or missing step (16, 16a, 16b) of a conveyor (10, 10a, 10b) are disclosed. The missing step detector (100) includes various sensors (102, 104, 104a, 104b, 106) for detecting the drive speed of the conveyor (10, 10a, 10b) and for detecting the presence of pallets or steps (16, 16a, 16b). The sensor output signals are correlated to determine fixed values characteristic of the specific conveyor (10, 10a, 10b) in question. Using the fixed values as reference, the missing step detector (100) is able to effectively monitor the conveyor (10, 10a, 10b) for misaligned or missing steps (16, 16a, 16b) independent of conveyor speed and time.