Capacitive Deionization Power Converter with Energy Recovery

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing water ion removal systems using capacitive deionization face inefficiencies in energy recovery and increased energy consumption due to limitations in voltage polarity switching and regeneration modes.

Innovation Solution

A power converter that switches supply voltage between electrodes under controller control to change polarity, enabling energy recovery by converting capacitor voltage back to supply voltage, with inductors and switches managing voltage boosting and polarity reversal for efficient ion release during regeneration modes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If voltage polarity switching is implemented for electrode regeneration, then ion removal capacity is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveion removal capacityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful effect of energy wasted during electrode regeneration into a beneficial resource by capturing and storing the voltage generated during regeneration in a capacitor. This stored energy is then reused during subsequent ion removal cycles, transforming what was previously a net energy consumer into a partially self-sustaining system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements energy recovery by capturing the voltage generated during electrode regeneration (which would otherwise be discarded) and storing it in a capacitor. This recovered energy is then utilized during ion removal operations, reducing the need for external power supply and overall energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #34Discarding and recovering

2Loss of energy

If energy recovery conversion is implemented, then energy efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy efficiencyVSAvoidconverter structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The power converter is designed to perform multiple functions: it can convert supply voltage to charging voltage during ion removal mode, and conversely convert capacitor voltage back to supply voltage during regeneration mode. This bidirectional functionality allows a single device to handle both energy storage and energy recovery operations, reducing the need for separate dedicated converters for each function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs dynamic switching control that adapts the converter's operation mode based on system needs. The controller dynamically switches between charging mode (during ion removal) and discharge mode (during regeneration), allowing the same hardware to efficiently serve different operational requirements without requiring separate fixed-function converters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Use of energy by moving object

If capacitor voltage is converted back to supply voltage during regeneration, then energy consumption is reduced, but control complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoverall energy consumptionVSAvoidcontrol system
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system monitors the voltage state of the capacitor and the operational mode of the system to dynamically adjust the power converter's behavior. During regeneration, when capacitor voltage exceeds supply voltage, the controller activates the energy recovery conversion process. This feedback-based control ensures optimal energy recovery while maintaining system stability and preventing overcharging or voltage instability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enhances energy efficiency by allowing for controlled voltage conversion and polarity switching, reducing overall energy consumption and improving ion removal capacity through optimized regeneration and recovery modes.

Implementation Method 1

a power converter for converting a supply voltage of a power source to a charging voltage for charging a capacitor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

The power converter may comprise a first inductor connected in series to the capacitor and via at least a first switch to the power source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetic field storage: Magnetic Field

Implementation Method 3

converting the voltage on the capacitor to the supply voltage of the power source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Data Source

PatentEP2491643B1Power converter for charging a capacitor in an apparatus for removal of ions and method operating the power converter
Publication Date: 2016.08.10 VOLTEA
  • EP2491643B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2491643B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3d
  • EP2491643B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~5

AI summary

The invention relates to an apparatus for removal of ions. The apparatus being provided with: a water inlet (7) for letting water in the apparatus; a water outlet (9) for letting water out of the apparatus; a capacitor, and; a spacer (11) for separating a first (13) and a second electrode (15) from the capacitor and allowing water to flow in between the electrodes. The apparatus has a power converter (PC) for converting a supply voltage of a power source (PS) to a charging voltage for charging the capacitor. The power converter is constructed and arranged for energy recovery from the capacitor by converting the voltage on the capacitor to the supply voltage of the power source (PS).