Capacitive Electrode Gel Sealing for Delamination

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Solution Overview

Problem

Capacitive electrodes for electro-membrane processes face limitations due to the use of expensive and hazardous materials, and the thickness of the capacitive layer is restricted by delamination issues, leading to reduced capacity and increased costs.

Innovation Solution

A capacitive electrode design featuring a flexible, moist capacitive layer enclosed within a housing and sealed by a gel layer, eliminating delamination and allowing for increased thickness, which is independent of the current feeder and does not require binders, thus enhancing capacity and reducing manufacturing costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If the thickness of the capacitive layer is increased to enhance electrode capacity, then the capacity increases, but delamination of the capacitive layer from the current feeder occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode capacityVSAvoidlayer adhesion
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A gel layer is introduced as an intermediary substance between the capacitive layer and the current feeder. This gel layer acts as a bonding medium that prevents delamination while allowing the capacitive layer to be applied without toxic binders. The gel layer maintains intimate contact between the capacitive layer and current feeder even at increased thicknesses of 5-50 mm, resolving the adhesion problem that previously limited layer thickness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If a binder is used to bond the capacitive layer to the current feeder, then adhesion is achieved, but manufacturing costs increase and conductivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelayer adhesionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The gel layer is used as a temporary bonding medium during application and operation, replacing expensive conventional binders like PVDF or PTFE. The gel layer can be easily applied and serves its bonding function without requiring the costly materials traditionally used, significantly reducing manufacturing costs while maintaining effective adhesion between the capacitive layer and current feeder.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Reliability

If a binder is used to bond the capacitive layer, then adhesion is achieved, but electrical resistance increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelayer adhesionVSAvoidelectrical resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The gel layer provides a porous, ion-conductive pathway between the capacitive layer and current feeder that maintains excellent electrical conductivity. Unlike conventional binders that create insulating barriers, the gel layer's porous structure allows efficient ion transport, minimizing electrical resistance while still providing the necessary adhesion function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

4Quantity of substance

If the capacitive layer is made thicker to increase capacity, then capacity increases, but delamination occurs at increased thicknesses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode capacityVSAvoidlayer integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The gel layer serves as a stable intermediary that maintains the integrity of the layered structure at increased thicknesses. It distributes mechanical stresses uniformly across the interface between the capacitive layer and current feeder, preventing the delamination that would otherwise occur at thicknesses exceeding 1-2.5 mm. This enables the construction of thicker capacitive layers (5-50 mm) while maintaining structural stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design increases the capacitive layer thickness, resulting in proportional capacity enhancement, reduces electrical resistance, and eliminates the need for expensive binders and additional ion-selective membranes, while maintaining effective ion transport and surface area, leading to a more efficient and cost-effective capacitive electrode.

Implementation Method 1

a gel layer that is positioned in contact with the capacitive layer and that is provided in or adjacent to the opening such that the gel layer seals the opening

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGel: Gel

Implementation Method 2

The capacitive electrode is configured to, during use, store ions and conduct electrons

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 3

the capacitive layer, during use of the electrode, is a flexible, moist layer that is kept enclosed in the housing by the gel layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon transport: Ion Exchange

Data Source

PatentEP3963655B1Capacitive electrode, membrane stack comprising electrode and method for manufacturing such electrode
Publication Date: 2023.06.07 REDSTACK
  • EP3963655B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3963655B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3963655B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

− The invention relates to a capacitive electrode comprising:an electrode housing comprising: ~ a number of housing walls that enclose a housing space; and ~ an opening that is operatively connected to the housing space, and wherein the opening is configured to be positioned adjacent an end membrane of a membrane stack; − a capacitive layer that is positioned in the housing space; − a current feeder that is positioned in the housing space and that is in electrical contact with the capacitive layer; − a gel layer that is positioned in contact with the capacitive layer; wherein the gel layer is provided in or adjacent to the opening such that the gel layer seals the opening, or wherein the gel layer is positioned near a bottom housing wall of the housing and the current feeder is positioned in or near the opening.