Capacitive Ink Level Sensor with Exposed Ground Electrode

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing printing systems face inaccuracies in ink level sensing, leading to premature replacement of ink cartridges and potential low-quality prints due to inadequate ink supply levels, as current methods are not sufficiently precise for determining fluid levels in reservoirs.

Innovation Solution

The integration of printhead-integrated ink level sensors (PILS) with a ground electrode exposed to the fluid chamber, utilizing a capacitive sensor and sample and hold technique to accurately measure ink levels by calculating resistance values based on capacitance changes, and employing multiple sensors and a shift register to enhance precision.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional ink level sensing methods are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates leading to inaccurate ink level detection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveink level detection accuracyVSAvoidsensor integration complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the ink level sensing function with the printhead assembly by integrating capacitive sensors directly into the printhead structure. The sense structure includes a sense electrode, reference electrode, and clearing electrode all formed within the printhead, eliminating the need for separate external sensing devices and achieving accurate ink level detection while maintaining manufacturing simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The printhead assembly is designed to perform multiple functions: fluid ejection for printing and ink level sensing. The same printhead structure that ejects ink also contains the capacitive sensing electrodes that measure ink levels, allowing a single component to serve dual purposes and improving measurement precision without adding separate dedicated sensing devices.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Loss of information

If ink level sensing is not implemented, then device complexity is minimized, but loss of information occurs leading to premature cartridge replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveink level information accuracyVSAvoidsensing system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The printhead assembly performs self-diagnosis by continuously monitoring its own ink level through integrated capacitive sensors. The sense structure measures the capacitance between the sense electrode and reference electrode, which changes with ink level, allowing the system to self-determine ink status without external intervention and prevent information loss about actual ink levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback by continuously measuring ink level through the capacitive sensors and providing real-time information about ink status. The measured capacitance values are processed to determine ink level, and this information feeds back to the printing system to control printing operations and prevent premature cartridge replacement, ensuring accurate information is maintained.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If multiple sensors are used to enhance precision, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveink level measurement accuracyVSAvoidsensor array complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The sensing function is segmented into three distinct electrodes within the printhead: a sense electrode for measuring capacitance, a reference electrode for providing a stable reference potential, and a clearing electrode for removing residual ink. This segmentation allows each electrode to perform its specific function optimally, improving measurement precision through multiple sensing points while keeping the overall structure integrated within the printhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides accurate ink level detection, preventing premature cartridge replacement and ensuring consistent print quality by accurately determining fluid levels, thereby optimizing ink usage and system performance.

Implementation Method 1

utilizing a capacitive sensor and sample and hold technique to accurately measure ink levels by calculating resistance values based on capacitance changes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

a ground electrode for the sensor(s) is exposed to the fluid chamber for directly contacting a fluid in the fluid chamber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP3113953B1Fluid ejection device with ground electrode exposed to fluid chamber
Publication Date: 2021.04.28 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP3113953B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3113953B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3113953B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An example provides a fluid ejection device including a fluid feed slot, a fluid chamber between a nozzle layer and a passivation layer, and a printhead-integrated sensor to sense a property of a fluid in the fluid chamber. The sensor may include a ground electrode exposed to the fluid chamber through a via in the passivation layer.