Capacitive Strap Coupling for Wearable Antenna Reliability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing radioelectric telecommunications devices face reliability issues due to the adjustable and mobile nature of the bracelet, which stresses the galvanic connection between the antenna and the electronic circuit, particularly in wearable devices like smartwatches and animal collars.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of an antenna loop with a conductive plate and a capacitive coupling mechanism using a conductive strap, eliminating the need for a galvanic connection and enhancing antenna performance through capacitive and inductive coupling, while providing a ground plane effect.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a galvanic connection is used between the antenna and the electronic circuit, then the antenna can be electrically connected to the circuit, but the reliability of the connection deteriorates due to stress from bracelet movement and adjustment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconnection reliabilityVSAvoidconnection strength
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical galvanic connection system with an electromagnetic coupling system. The strap's conductive part forms a capacitive coupling with the conductive plate, creating an electrical connection through electric field interaction rather than direct physical contact. This substitution eliminates mechanical stress on the connection while maintaining electrical functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary electromagnetic field between the antenna and the electronic circuit. The capacitive coupling acts as an intermediary mechanism that transfers electrical signals without requiring direct galvanic contact, thereby protecting the connection from mechanical stress while enabling signal transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Adaptability or versatility

If the bracelet is made adjustable and elastic to accommodate different wrist sizes, then the adaptability of the device is improved, but the stability of the galvanic connection deteriorates due to physical stress

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewrist size adaptabilityVSAvoidconnection stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical galvanic connection with an electromagnetic capacitive coupling system. This allows the bracelet to be adjustable and elastic for different wrist sizes while the electrical connection remains stable, as the capacitive coupling is not affected by mechanical stress from bracelet movement or adjustment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If a simple antenna structure is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the connection reliability between antenna and circuit deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna structure complexityVSAvoidconnection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent maintains a simple antenna structure while improving connection reliability by substituting the mechanical galvanic connection with an electromagnetic capacitive coupling. The conductive plate and strap's conductive part form the coupling, eliminating the need for complex mechanical connection mechanisms while ensuring reliable electrical connection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution ensures reliable radioelectric communication by maintaining a stable connection despite movement and improves antenna performance, achieving efficient signal transmission and reception without reducing reliability.

Implementation Method 1

The conductive part of the strap extends parallel vis-à-vis the conductive plate and electrically insulated from said conductive plate, so that said conductive part is in capacitive coupling with said conductive plate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitive coupling: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

There may also be an inductive coupling effect between the conductive part of the strap and the conductive plate, but typically the capacitive coupling will be preponderant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInductive coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3507911B1Electronic apparatus comprising an antenna structure for sending and/or receiving radioelectric signals and a strap serving to fasten the apparatus
Publication Date: 2020.05.20 SIGFOX
  • EP3507911B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP3507911B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6
  • EP3507911B1 patent drawingFigure 7~10

AI summary

Apparatus (100) comprising an antenna for sending and/or receiving radioelectric signals and a strap (104) serving to fasten the apparatus. The antenna comprises an antennal loop (200) and an antennal mass (302) bound together. The antennal loop includes a conducting plate (106) and a casing (108) containing an electronic circuit (400) and exhibiting at least one conducting face (202) which extends parallel opposite the conducting plate (106). The conducting plate (106) and the conducting face (202) of the casing are connected electrically (204) together on one side of the conducting face (202) of the casing and on the other side are connected electrically (110) with the electronic circuit (400). The antennal mass (302) comprises at least one conducting part (302) of the strap (104) in capacitive coupling with the conducting plate (106). Applications to connected watches and to geolocation collars for animals.