Capacitive Sensor in Toilet Tank for User Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing toilet sensing systems are inefficient in detecting user presence or absence due to limitations in detection range and aesthetic concerns with infrared sensors and mechanical switches, and they do not effectively control toilet operating systems like pre-wetting and odor removal.
Innovation Solution
A capacitive sensing system using an electrode in fluid communication with toilet tank water, coupled with a controller to actuate toilet actuators, allowing for detection of user proximity and control of toilet systems such as pre-wetting, flushing, and odor removal, with improved detection range and reduced aesthetic impact.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If infrared sensors or mechanical switches are used for user detection, then user presence can be detected, but aesthetic appearance deteriorates and detection range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical switches and infrared sensors with a capacitive sensing system that uses electrical fields to detect user presence. The capacitive sensor detects changes in capacitance caused by the user's body, eliminating the need for visible mechanical components or infrared emitters, thus maintaining aesthetic appearance while providing reliable detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces water as an intermediary medium to enhance capacitive coupling between the sensor electrode and the user's body. The water in the toilet tank serves as a conductive medium that extends the detection range and improves sensitivity, allowing the sensor to detect user presence more effectively without requiring direct contact or proximity to traditional sensors.
2Reliability
If traditional sensing systems are used, then user presence can be detected, but detection range is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses water as a capacitive coupling intermediary that extends the detection range. The water in the toilet tank acts as a conductive medium that transmits capacitive signals from the user's body to the sensor electrode, significantly increasing the effective detection distance compared to traditional capacitive sensors that require direct contact or very close proximity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent makes the toilet tank water serve multiple functions: it provides flushing function, pre-wetting function, and simultaneously acts as a capacitive coupling medium for user detection. This multi-functionality extends the detection range without adding separate sensing components, thereby reducing overall system complexity while improving detection capability.
3Length of stationary object
If capacitive sensor with water coupling is used, then detection range is enhanced, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the existing toilet tank water serve dual purposes: maintaining its primary function for flushing and pre-wetting, and simultaneously acting as a capacitive coupling medium for user detection. This eliminates the need for separate sensing fluids or additional components, extending detection range without increasing system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables the toilet tank water to serve itself by providing both its traditional flushing function and the additional function of capacitive coupling for sensing. The water naturally present in the tank is utilized for sensing purposes without requiring external addition or special treatment, thereby extending detection range while maintaining simple system architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The capacitive sensing system effectively detects user presence and absence with enhanced range and stability, enabling efficient operation of toilet systems, including pre-wetting and odor control, while maintaining a sleek and cost-effective design.
Implementation Method 1
A capacitive sensor includes an electrode in fluid communication with water received within a toilet tank
Data Source
AI summary
An actuation system for a toilet including a capacitive sensor received within a toilet tank and including an electrode electrically coupled with water within the toilet tank.