Capacitive Wetness Sensor for Absorbent Articles

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current incontinence monitoring systems for absorbent articles, such as diapers, rely on manual insertion of sensors, which are costly and labor-intensive, and are challenging to integrate into high-speed manufacturing processes, leading to inefficiencies in detecting wetness events and managing incontinence effectively.

Innovation Solution

A sensor device with capacitive or resonance-based sensing elements is integrated into absorbent articles, allowing for either direct or contactless communication with a receiver, enabling reliable detection of wetness events and incorporating features like flow control and compensation for external environmental factors, such as movement, to improve accuracy and ease of manufacturing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If complex sensors are used for wetness detection, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewetness detection accuracyVSAvoidsensor structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a simple capacitive sensor structure consisting of basic conductive elements that can be easily manufactured and disposed of. This disposable approach eliminates the need for complex, expensive sensors while maintaining adequate detection functionality for the intended use period.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical sensor systems with a simplified capacitive sensing mechanism. By using electrical field-based detection rather than mechanical contact or complex electronic components, the system achieves wetness detection with fewer parts and lower manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Ease of operation

If manual insertion of sensors is used, then ease of operation is improved, but productivity and manufacturing efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor insertion simplicityVSAvoidmanufacturing throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the sensor fabrication process with the absorbent article manufacturing process. The capacitive sensor elements are formed integrally with the absorbent layers during the same high-speed production line operation, eliminating separate manual insertion steps while maintaining ease of integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the manufacturing parameter from manual assembly to automated high-speed fabrication. By modifying how the sensor is created (forming conductive elements directly during paper/absorbent layer production) rather than how it's assembled, the system achieves both simplicity and high productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If high-speed manufacturing is used, then productivity is improved, but manufacturing precision and sensor positioning accuracy deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction speedVSAvoidsensor positioning accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary formation of the capacitive sensor elements during the absorbent article manufacturing process itself. By creating the conductive layers and sensor structures as part of the base material fabrication before final assembly, precise positioning is achieved through the inherent precision of the paper/absorbent layer production equipment operating at high speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The manufacturing process serves itself by integrating sensor fabrication into the existing high-speed production line. The same equipment that manufactures the absorbent layers also creates the sensor elements, eliminating the need for separate precision positioning operations and maintaining both speed and accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Productivity

If automated sensor insertion is attempted, then productivity is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor integration speedVSAvoidautomated insertion difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the sensor fabrication step from the post-manufacturing assembly process and places it within the material production phase. By taking out the complex insertion operation entirely and replacing it with integral formation of sensor elements during absorbent layer manufacturing, automated integration becomes straightforward without requiring complex insertion machinery.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances the reliability and efficiency of wetness detection in absorbent articles, reducing resource consumption and improving patient care by providing accurate and automated monitoring of incontinence events, while minimizing disruptions and costs associated with manual checks.

Implementation Method 1

A sensor device with capacitive or resonance-based sensing elements is integrated into absorbent articles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

The change in electrical behaviour is observable as a change in capacitance arising from a change in the permittivity of the dielectric region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDielectric permittivity: Dielectric Permittivity

Implementation Method 3

A sensor device with capacitive or resonance-based sensing elements is integrated into absorbent articles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP2739254B1A capacitive wetness sensor and method for manufacturing the same
Publication Date: 2016.11.16 FRED BERGMAN HEALTHCARE PTY LTD
  • EP2739254B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP2739254B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP2739254B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

A sensor device for sensing wetness in an absorbent article worn by a subject includes one or more sensing elements; and a coupling for communicating sensor signals between the one or more sensing elements and a receiver. A change in environmental parameter causes a change in electrical behavior of at least one of the sensing elements, which behavior can be analyzed to determine occurrence of a wetness event in the absorbent article. The changes in electrical behavior are communicated in the sensor signals to the receiver. The analysis may be by the receiver or a processor in communication with the receiver. Ideally, the sensing elements include capacitive elements and preferably, resonance circuits.