Capacitor Divider Circuit for Parallel Fast Battery Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wireless power charging systems are limited by the charging speed due to the output DC current being restricted by the transferred wireless power divided by the DC voltage, hindering faster battery charging in mobile devices.
Innovation Solution
A battery charging circuit that incorporates a low dropout regulator (LDO) and a switch mode charger in parallel with a capacitor divider, which divides the voltage output from the LDO, allowing the boosted current to be fed to the battery for faster charging, effectively increasing the output current by a factor of 4.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a conventional rectifier circuit is used to convert AC to DC for battery charging, then the system is simple and reliable, but the charging speed is limited due to the output DC current being restricted by the transferred wireless power divided by the DC voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The charging circuit is segmented into two parallel paths: a conventional rectifier circuit for basic charging and a capacitor divider circuit for fast charging. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high charging speeds through the capacitor divider while maintaining the simplicity and reliability of the rectifier circuit as a backup or supplementary path.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically switches between the rectifier circuit and the capacitor divider circuit based on charging requirements. The controller activates the capacitor divider circuit when fast charging is needed, and can switch to or rely on the rectifier circuit for standard charging, providing dynamic adaptability to different charging scenarios.
2Productivity
If the output DC current is increased to achieve faster charging, then the charging speed improves, but the system may become unstable or exceed power transfer capabilities
Solution Approach 1:
The controller monitors the charging state and power transfer conditions, and based on this feedback, dynamically controls the switching between the rectifier circuit and the capacitor divider circuit. This feedback mechanism ensures that the system operates within safe limits while achieving fast charging when conditions permit, thus maintaining stability while improving charging speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor divider circuit acts as an intermediary that transforms the voltage and current characteristics from the rectifier output to provide boosted current for fast charging. This intermediary circuit allows the system to achieve higher charging currents without directly modifying the power transfer stage, maintaining stability while enabling faster charging.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution enables faster battery charging by boosting the input current, overcoming the limitations of conventional systems and enhancing charging speed by multiplying the average input current from the LDO, thereby improving the charging efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a capacitor divider, coupled between the LDO and the battery, in parallel to the switch mode charger, for dividing the voltage outputted from the LDO by a factor
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments described herein provides a battery charging circuit that boosts an input current and feeds the boosted input current to a battery for fast charging. Specifically, the battery charging circuit includes a low dropout regulator (LDO) for providing a voltage, a switch mode charger, coupled between the LDO and a battery, and a capacitor divider, coupled between the LDO and the battery, in parallel to the switch mode charger, for dividing the voltage outputted from the LDO by a factor.