Capacitor Electrode Terminal Connection Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional capacitors face high internal resistance due to the bottleneck of current flow from electrodes to terminals, limiting their ability to handle high current and fast charging/discharging.
Innovation Solution
The design features a high capacitance capacitor with parallel plate-shaped electrodes connected to terminals over extended distances, allowing direct attachment to the terminals and using a separator to prevent electrode contact, enabling efficient current flow and low internal resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional capacitor electrodes are connected to terminals through narrow extensions, then the device structure is compact, but the internal resistance increases due to current flow bottleneck
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from point-like or narrow extension connections to extended surface area connections between electrodes and terminals. The electrodes are designed with large surface areas that directly contact the terminals, transforming the connection from a one-dimensional narrow path to a two-dimensional extended contact area, thereby reducing current density and internal resistance.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor structure is divided into multiple parallel plate electrodes (first plurality of first electrodes and second plurality of second electrodes) connected to respective terminals. This segmentation allows current to flow through multiple parallel paths simultaneously, reducing the overall internal resistance and increasing current flow capability.
2Speed
If electrodes are connected over short distances to terminals, then the device is compact, but charging/discharging speed is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the connection between electrodes and terminals from narrow extensions to extended surface area connections. The electrodes are designed with dimensions that extend beyond the immediate terminal contact point, creating large overlapping areas between electrodes and terminals. This dimensional expansion reduces internal resistance and enables faster charge transfer without proportionally increasing device volume.
3Reliability
If electrodes are positioned close together to increase capacitance, then the capacitance increases, but the risk of direct contact between opposite polarity electrodes increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a separator as an intermediary component positioned between the first electrodes and second electrodes. This separator prevents direct contact between opposite polarity electrodes while allowing the electrodes to be positioned close together for high capacitance. The separator acts as a physical barrier that eliminates the harmful effect of direct electrode contact.
Solution Approach 2:
The separator is designed with porous structure that allows electrolyte penetration while maintaining physical separation between electrodes. The porous material provides mechanical support and maintains electrode spacing while permitting ionic conduction, enabling close electrode positioning for high capacitance without direct contact risk.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces internal resistance, facilitates faster charging/discharging, and allows for higher capacitance storage, making it suitable for applications requiring large charge storage and handling higher voltages.
Implementation Method 1
The present invention relates to an electrical energy storing device of high density, preferably based on the Helmholtz double layer effect where a liquid conductor (electrolyte) comes into contact with a conductor (electrode) with large surface area (preferred porous carbon, folded graphene and so on) on the boundary of which the double layer effect appears.
Data Source
AI summary
A very high capacity capacitor or energy storage comprising a two-layer electrode structure with a separator and an electrolytic fluid, where the electrodes are parallel and connected to one of two terminals. The electrodes are connected to the terminal along a large length so that the connection to the terminal has a low resistance and so that charging may take place faster and with less heat generation.