Double-Layer Capacitor Electrolyte for High Ion Conductivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Plastic crystal-based solid electrolytes in electric double layer capacitors exhibit significantly lower ion conductivity compared to sulfide-based and oxide-based solid electrolytes, leading to increased leakage current and reduced performance.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating an ionic liquid with high ion conductivity into the electrolyte layer, ensuring the anion components of the ionic liquid and plastic crystal are the same, and maintaining a specific molar ratio of plastic crystal to ionic liquid within the electrolyte layer to enhance ion conductivity while suppressing leakage current.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If plastic crystal-based solid electrolyte is used, then leakage current is suppressed and adhesion to electrode is improved, but ion conductivity is significantly lower compared to sulfide-based and oxide-based solid electrolytes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte layer combining plastic crystal and ionic liquid in a specific molar ratio (60:40 to 90:10). The plastic crystal component suppresses leakage current through its solid-state structure, while the ionic liquid component provides high ion conductivity. This composite approach resolves the contradiction by integrating the advantages of both materials while mitigating their individual disadvantages.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the molar ratio of plastic crystal to ionic liquid within the electrolyte layer to achieve the desired balance between leakage current suppression and ion conductivity. By adjusting this compositional parameter, the system can be tuned to meet both requirements simultaneously.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If ionic liquid with high ion conductivity is added to electrolyte layer, then ion conductivity is improved, but leakage current increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent precisely controls the molar ratio of ionic liquid to plastic crystal (maintaining ionic liquid at no more than 40 mol%) to achieve the optimal balance between ion conductivity and leakage current suppression. This parameter optimization ensures that the ionic liquid provides sufficient ion conductivity without exceeding the threshold that would cause excessive leakage current.
Solution Approach 2:
The composite structure of plastic crystal and ionic liquid creates a synergistic effect where the plastic crystal matrix provides structural integrity and leakage current suppression, while the ionic liquid dispersed within provides enhanced ion conductivity. The specific composition ratio ensures both functions work together effectively.
3Adaptability or versatility
If anion components of ionic liquid and plastic crystal are different, then formulation flexibility is improved, but ion conductivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies that the anion components of the ionic liquid and plastic crystal should be the same to achieve homogeneous interaction between the two components. This homogeneity in anion structure promotes better compatibility and higher ion conductivity in the composite electrolyte layer, while the cation components can still vary to provide formulation flexibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte layer achieves both high ion conductivity and suppressed leakage current, significantly improving the performance of the electric double layer capacitor.
Implementation Method 1
an electrolyte layer including ionic liquid and plastic crystals. The ion conductivity of the electrolyte layer is improved when used together with the ionic liquid with relatively high ion conductivity.
Implementation Method 2
A region of the solid electrolyte layer chemically reacting with the electrode, such as hydration degradation, is limited to the vicinity of the electrode. Therefore, leakage current is lower than that of electrolytic solution
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electric double layer capacitor with an electrolyte layer which suppresses leakage current and has high ion conductivity. The electric double layer capacitor includes a pair of electrode bodies and an electrolyte layer. The electrode bodies have polarizable electrodes. The electrolyte layer includes ionic liquid plastic crystals.