Electrolytic Capacitor Electrolyte Composition for Low ESR Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
The presence of both an organic compound with a hydroxy group and an organic carboxylic acid compound in the liquid component of an electrolytic capacitor can lead to an esterification reaction, causing a rise in equivalent series resistance (ESR) and leakage current due to the de-doping of the conductive polymer dopant and deterioration of the layer repair function.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a primary or secondary amine compound as the base component in the liquid component, along with an organic compound having a hydroxy group, helps suppress the esterification reaction and maintains the stability of the liquid component, thereby reducing ESR and leakage current.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If both an organic compound having a hydroxy group and an organic carboxylic acid compound are present in the liquid component, then the liquid component can provide necessary chemical functions, but the organic carboxylic acid compound decreases due to esterification reaction, causing ESR to rise and leakage current to increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the problematic esterification reaction by removing one of the reacting components (organic carboxylic acid compound) from the system. By using a primary or secondary amine compound instead, the liquid component maintains its necessary chemical functions while preventing the unwanted esterification reaction that leads to substance loss and performance degradation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the base component from tertiary amine or quaternary ammonium (which cause high leakage current) to primary or secondary amine compounds. This parameter change resolves the contradiction by maintaining the necessary chemical functionality while preventing the adverse esterification reaction and its consequences.
2Reliability
If ammonia, tertiary amine, or quaternary ammonium is used as the base component, then the liquid component can provide basic functions, but the leakage current of the electrolytic capacitor increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the base component from ammonia, tertiary amine, or quaternary ammonium to primary or secondary amine compounds. This parameter change maintains the necessary basic functions and layer repair capability while significantly reducing the harmful leakage current, thereby resolving the contradiction.
3Stability of the object's composition
If the organic carboxylic acid compound decreases due to esterification reaction, then the pH of the liquid component increases, but the dopant of the conductive polymer is de-doped, causing ESR to rise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the esterification reaction pathway by replacing the organic carboxylic acid compound with a primary or secondary amine compound. This removal prevents the reaction chain that leads to pH increase and subsequent dopant de-doping, thereby maintaining low ESR while preserving pH stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of primary or secondary amine compounds as the base component effectively suppresses the rise in ESR and leakage current, ensuring stable layer repair function and thermal stability in medium- to high-voltage electrolytic capacitors.
Implementation Method 1
when an organic compound having a hydroxy group and an organic carboxylic acid compound having a carboxy group are both present, the amount of the organic carboxylic acid compound in the liquid component could decrease due to an esterification reaction
Implementation Method 2
the pH of the liquid component increases, the dopant of the conductive polymer is de-doped
Implementation Method 3
due to the decrease of the organic carboxylic acid compound, the layer repair function of the liquid component may deteriorate
Data Source
AI summary
A disclosed electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor element, and a liquid component. The capacitor element includes an anode body having a dielectric layer at a surface of the anode body, and a conductive polymer compound covering at least part of the dielectric layer. The liquid component contains an acid component, a base component, and a solvent. The solvent includes an organic compound having a hydroxy group, and the acid component includes an organic carboxylic acid compound. The base component includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a primary amine compound and a secondary amine compound.