Capacitor-Fed Antenna Array Layout for Higher Vehicle Gain

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing antenna assemblies on vehicles and ships suffer from low gain and poor communication performance due to suboptimal current distribution and resonance frequencies, leading to inefficient signal transmission and reception.

Innovation Solution

The antenna assembly incorporates a substrate with a first antenna array and capacitors to adjust current distribution, ensuring codirectional currents on antenna stubs, which operate in a differential mode, thereby increasing gain and improving performance. Additionally, capacitors and inductors are used to reduce resonance frequencies and size, while dielectric pillars enhance structural stability and miniaturization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional antenna assembly structure is used, then the structure is simple, but the gain is low and communication performance is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication performanceVSAvoidantenna assembly structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The antenna assembly is segmented into multiple functional components: substrate, conductive grounding layer, first antenna array with multiple stubs, and multiple capacitors. Each component performs a specific function to collectively improve communication performance while maintaining manageable structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Capacitors are introduced as intermediary components between the feed points and the antenna stubs. These capacitors mediate the current distribution on the stubs, enabling differential mode operation and improving gain without fundamentally changing the basic antenna structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If antenna stub size is increased to improve gain, then the gain increases, but the overall device size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna gainVSAvoidantenna assembly size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The resonance frequency of the antenna stubs is adjusted by changing the capacitance values of the connected capacitors. This parameter change allows the stubs to operate in differential mode at the desired frequency, improving gain without requiring increased physical dimensions of the stubs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The antenna stubs are positioned at inclined angles relative to the substrate rather than being perpendicular. This dimensional change in orientation allows for improved current distribution and gain enhancement while maintaining a compact footprint on the substrate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Adaptability or versatility

If resonance frequency is reduced to improve performance, then the frequency coverage improves, but the antenna size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency coverageVSAvoidantenna size
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The resonance frequency is precisely controlled by adjusting the capacitance values of the capacitors connected to each stub. This allows the antenna to achieve broad frequency coverage and adaptability without requiring proportional increases in antenna dimensions, as the frequency is tuned through electrical parameters rather than physical scaling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution enhances the antenna's gain and bandwidth, improves signal transmission and reception, and increases frequency coverage, while maintaining impedance matching and reducing size and weight, thus improving overall communication performance.

Implementation Method 1

Each first antenna stub is fed through a corresponding first capacitor. The first capacitor may adjust current distribution on the first antenna stub, so that a current on the first antenna stub is a codirectional current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

The antenna assembly may send and receive signals, to implement functions such as positioning or wireless communication

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 3

The ground point is electrically connected to the metal ground plane for grounding

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4716012A1Antenna assembly, communication device, and vehicle
Publication Date: 2026.03.25 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP4716012A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4716012A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4716012A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

An antenna assembly, a communication device, and a vehicle are disclosed, to resolve a problem that a gain of the antenna assembly is low. In the antenna assembly, a first antenna array includes a plurality of first antenna stubs and a plurality of first capacitors. Each first capacitor is electrically connected to a first feed end of one first antenna stub. Each first antenna stub is fed through a corresponding first capacitor. The first capacitor may be configured to enable a current distributed on the first antenna stub to be a codirectional current, and a current strong point is on a middle part of the first antenna stub, so that gains of the first antenna stub and the antenna assembly can be improved, and performance of the antenna assembly is improved.