Flame-Retardant Electrolytic Capacitor Using Phosphoric Acid Ester Amide
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electrolytic capacitors face challenges in maintaining flame-retardancy over time due to the degradation of trimethyl or triethyl phosphate when exposed to moisture, which affects their voltage proof and flame-retardant properties.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating phosphoric acid ester amide into the electrolytic solution, specifically represented by certain general formulas, which are less susceptible to hydrolysis and provide improved flame-retardancy and voltage proof, even when the electrolytic solution contains water, thereby maintaining effective flame-retardant properties over a prolonged period.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If trimethyl or triethyl phosphate is used as flame retardant in the electrolytic solution, then flame-retardancy is improved, but the flame-retardant effect degrades over time due to hydrolysis reaction with moisture
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure parameter of the flame retardant from conventional phosphate esters (trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate) to phosphoric acid ester amides with specific molecular structures containing amide groups. This structural parameter change reduces the chemical reactivity with moisture, preventing hydrolysis and maintaining stable flame-retardant properties over time despite the presence of water in the electrolytic solution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite chemical structure combining phosphoric acid ester groups (providing flame-retardant functionality) with amide groups (providing moisture resistance). This composite molecular structure integrates two functional characteristics into a single flame retardant molecule, achieving both effective flame suppression and long-term stability in humid environments.
2Ease of manufacture
If the electrolytic solution contains water, then manufacturing ease and cost are improved, but flame-retardancy is compromised due to hydrolysis of conventional flame retardants
Solution Approach 1:
The patent accepts the presence of water (a cheap, readily available component) in the electrolytic solution without requiring complex dehydration processes. By selecting a flame retardant (phosphoric acid ester amide) that is inherently stable in aqueous environments, the patent eliminates the need for expensive drying steps or specialized moisture-free handling procedures, maintaining both ease of manufacture and flame-retardant reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of phosphoric acid ester amide in the electrolytic solution enhances the flame-retardancy and voltage proof of electrolytic capacitors, ensuring sustained performance and reduced equivalent series resistance (ESR), even under high moisture conditions.
Implementation Method 1
phosphoric acid ester amide... which are less susceptible to hydrolysis
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a flame-retardant electrolytic capacitor which is capable of maintaining flame-retardant effect even after a prolonged period of time. This is an electrolytic capacitor comprising an anode foil that is provided with an oxide film on the surface, a cathode foil, a separator, and an electrolytic solution that contains a solute in a solvent, wherein a phosphoric acid ester amide represented by the following general formula (1) is contained in the electrolytic solution: in which n is 1 or 2, and R1 and R2 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and Rf represents a linear or branched fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms).