Capacitor-Assisted Solid-State Battery Electrode Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Solid-state lithium-ion batteries exhibit lower power densities and current-rate delivery capabilities compared to liquid electrolyte batteries, primarily due to high ionic resistance and unfavorable electrochemical interfaces between solid electrolytes and active electrode materials, especially at low temperatures.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating capacitor electrodes with capacitor particles alongside battery electrodes in a solid-state capacitor-assisted lithium-ion battery cell, utilizing combinations of active battery anode or cathode materials with solid electrolytes and conductive carbon particles to enhance power response and energy density.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If solid electrolytes are used in lithium-ion batteries, then stability and energy density are improved, but power density and current-rate delivery capability deteriorate due to high ionic resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines solid-state battery electrodes with capacitor electrodes to form a hybrid assembly. The battery portion provides stability and energy density, while the capacitor portion compensates for the slow power response and high ionic resistance of solid electrolytes, achieving both stability and high power density simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite electrode structures where battery active materials (providing stability) are combined with capacitor materials like activated carbon (providing high power response). This composite approach allows the system to exhibit both the stability of solid-state batteries and the high power density of capacitors
2Quantity of substance
If solid electrolytes are used in lithium-ion batteries, then energy density is improved, but current-rate delivery capability deteriorates due to unfavorable electrochemical interfaces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges solid-state battery cells with capacitor cells in a hybrid assembly. The battery portion maintains high energy density through solid electrolytes, while the capacitor portion provides rapid current-rate delivery capability, overcoming the interface limitations of solid electrolytes
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor electrodes act as an intermediary that buffers the electrochemical interface issues between solid electrolytes and active materials. The capacitor materials facilitate faster charge transfer and reduce the impact of unfavorable interfaces, enabling high current-rate delivery while maintaining energy density
3Loss of energy
If solid electrolytes are used in lithium-ion batteries, then low self-discharge rate is achieved, but power response deteriorates especially at low temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a hybrid assembly where solid-state battery portions provide low self-discharge rates, while integrated capacitor portions provide rapid power response even at low temperatures. The capacitor component compensates for the temperature-sensitive power response of solid electrolytes
4Power
If capacitor electrodes are integrated with battery electrodes, then power density is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates capacitor and battery electrodes into a single hybrid assembly that functions as one unified energy storage device. This merging approach increases power density while managing complexity through a modular design where the capacitor and battery components work together as a coordinated system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integration of capacitor electrodes significantly improves the power densities and current-rate delivery of solid-state lithium-ion batteries, addressing the limitations of high ionic resistance and electrochemical interfaces, resulting in enhanced performance at various temperatures.
Implementation Method 1
particles of active battery anode or cathode materials
Implementation Method 2
capacitor particles
Implementation Method 3
solid electrolytes and conductive carbon particles
Data Source
AI summary
A capacitor-assisted, solid-state lithium-ion battery is formed by replacing at least one of the electrodes of the battery with a capacitor electrode of suitable particulate composition for the replaced battery particulate anode or cathode material. The solid-state electrodes typically contain solid-state electrode material and are separated with solid-state electrode material. In another embodiment the capacitor anode or cathode particles may be mixed with lithium-ion battery anode or cathode particles respectively. Preferably, the battery comprises at least two positively-charged electrodes and two negatively-charged electrodes, and the location and compositions of the capacitor material electrode(s) may be selected to provide a desired combination of energy and power.