Capacitor-Assisted Solid-State Battery Quasi-Solid Electrolyte
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Solution Overview
Problem
Solid-state lithium-ion batteries exhibit lower power densities and current-rate delivery capabilities compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries with liquid electrolytes, primarily due to high ionic resistance of solid electrolytes and unfavorable electrochemical interfaces, especially at low temperatures.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating quasi-solid-state electrolyte materials, which are mixtures of lithium-ion conducting liquids and solid components like Li7La3Zr2O12, into capacitor-assisted solid-state lithium-ion batteries, along with capacitor active material particles and battery active materials, to form a hybrid electrochemical cell structure that enhances ionic conductivity and power response.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If solid electrolyte materials are used in lithium-ion batteries, then safety and stability are improved, but power density and current-rate delivery capability deteriorate due to high ionic resistance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite electrolyte system combining solid electrolyte particles (such as LLZO - lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide) with liquid electrolyte components. This composite structure allows the battery to maintain the safety and stability benefits of solid electrolytes while the liquid phase provides enhanced ionic conductivity for improved power density and current-rate delivery capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates different local environments within the electrolyte system by distributing solid electrolyte particles throughout a liquid electrolyte matrix. The solid particles provide localized safety and stability at interfaces, while the liquid phase ensures adequate ionic transport throughout the bulk, resolving the contradiction between safety and power delivery.
2Use of energy by moving object
If solid electrolyte materials are used in lithium-ion batteries, then energy density is improved, but ionic conductivity and electrochemical interface performance deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite electrolyte materials combining solid particles (providing high energy density and stability) with liquid components (providing high ionic conductivity). This composite approach allows simultaneous achievement of high energy density and reliable electrochemical interface performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes porous structures in the electrode and electrolyte composite materials to increase surface area for electrochemical reactions. The porous architecture allows better contact between solid electrolyte particles and liquid electrolyte, enhancing ionic conductivity while maintaining high energy density through efficient space utilization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The quasi-solid-state electrolyte materials improve the power densities and current-rate delivery of solid-state lithium-ion batteries by enabling quick ion adsorption/desorption and maintaining physical properties during cell operation, effectively addressing the limitations of traditional solid-state batteries.
Implementation Method 1
The quasi-solid-state electrolyte (sometimes abbreviated as Q-SSE) is typically a mixture of a lithium-ion conducting liquid (i.e., liquid at the intended operating temperature range of the capacitor-assisted battery cell) and particles of a solid component
Implementation Method 2
The capacitor active material can act as a 'buffer' when cell discharge rates are faster than can occur in the battery active materials
Implementation Method 3
incorporating quasi-solid-state electrolyte materials, which are mixtures of lithium-ion conducting liquids and solid components like Li7La3Zr2O12, into capacitor-assisted solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Data Source
AI summary
A capacitor-assisted, solid-state lithium-ion battery is formed by replacing at least one of the electrodes of the battery with a capacitor electrode of suitable particulate composition for the replaced battery particulate anode or cathode material. The solid-state electrodes typically contain quasi-solid-state electrode material and are separated with a layer of quasi-solid-state electrolyte material. In another embodiment the capacitor anode or cathode particles may be mixed with lithium-ion battery anode or cathode particles respectively. Preferably, the battery comprises at least two positively-charged electrodes and two negatively-charged electrodes, and the location, number and compositions of the capacitor material electrode(s) may be selected to provide a desired combination of energy and power.