Compressor Capacity Control Valve With Spool Flow Restriction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional displacement control valves in variable displacement compressors allow a significant flow of fluid into the inlet chamber during continuous operation, reducing operational efficiency by increasing pressure and affecting the performance of the compressor.
Innovation Solution
A spool valve structure is introduced between the control chamber and the inlet chamber, with specific geometric configurations on the valve body and housing to control the flow rate, limiting the flow from the control chamber into the inlet chamber and enhancing operational efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the auxiliary communication path is opened to quickly discharge fluid from the control chamber upon activation, then the control pressure is reduced more quickly, but fluid continuously flows into the inlet chamber during operation increasing pressure and reducing efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a spool valve structure that dynamically transitions between different positions to control fluid flow. The valve body moves to different axial positions to either open the auxiliary communication path for quick pressure reduction or limit flow during operation, making the system adaptive to different operational phases
Solution Approach 2:
The spool valve structure changes the flow rate parameter by moving between positions. When the valve body is in one position, it allows maximum flow for quick pressure reduction; when in another position, it restricts flow to maintain efficiency during continuous operation, effectively changing the flow parameter based on operational needs
2Reliability
If the solenoid provides electromagnetic force to close the first valve part, then discharge paths are closed, but this requires additional electromagnetic actuation complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The pressure sensitive member acts as a counterweight or balancing element that opposes the electromagnetic force. During normal operation, the pressure differential across the pressure sensitive member provides a restoring force that balances the solenoid's electromagnetic force, enabling reliable valve closure without requiring the solenoid to continuously overcome high pressure forces
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure sensitive member serves as an intermediary between the high-pressure discharge chamber and the valve body. It transmits and modulates the pressure force to assist the solenoid in controlling the valve, reducing the direct burden on the electromagnetic actuation system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The spool valve structure precisely controls the flow rate between the control and inlet chambers, reducing unwanted fluid flow and improving the operational efficiency of the variable displacement compressor by maintaining optimal pressure levels.
Implementation Method 1
a solenoid that applies electromagnetic force to the valve body in the direction that closes the first valve part
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3(a)~3(c)
AI summary
There is provided a displacement control valve that can reduce the flow of unwanted fluid into an inlet chamber during continuous operation. The displacement control valve V includes a valve housing 10 including a first chamber 21, a second chamber 22, and a third chamber 23; a valve body 50 having a first valve part 52 that opens or closes discharge paths in the first chamber 21 and that is reciprocated to open or close the discharge paths; and a solenoid 80 that applies electromagnetic force to the valve body 50 in the direction that closes the first valve part 52, wherein the displacement control valve V has a spool valve structure SP that is constituted by a spool valve part 32 formed on the external circumference 30 of the valve body 50 and a spool seating part 42 formed on the internal circumference 40 of the valve housing 10 and that is opened while the first valve part 52 is closed and vice versa upon reciprocation of the valve body 50 to control the rate of flow between a control chamber 4 and an inlet chamber 3.