Capillary Electrophoresis Injection Correction for Quantification Accuracy
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Solution Overview
Problem
The electric injection method in capillary electrophoresis devices faces challenges in quantitative analysis due to differences in sample component mobility, making it difficult to accurately quantify samples, especially when the ionic strength varies or when intercalator pigments are present, as it requires restrictive corrections and is not practical without a crossing flow path.
Innovation Solution
The method corrects the peak area of detected sample components based on injection rate, including corrections for relative mobility, linear velocity, and current integral value, allowing for quantitative analysis without modifying the capillary or adding a crossing flow path, using internal standard substances and linear velocity conversion tables to improve quantification accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If electric injection method is used to introduce sample into flow path, then sample introduction is achieved, but quantitative analysis becomes difficult due to mobility differences of sample components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a crossing flow path as an intermediary structure that enables hydrodynamic injection. This crossing flow path allows buffer solution to flow through and carry sample components into the separation flow path, acting as a mediator that eliminates the need for direct electric injection while maintaining sample introduction efficiency. The crossing flow path serves as the intermediary mechanism that transforms the injection method from electric to hydrodynamic, thereby solving the quantification problem.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the electric injection method (electrical system) with hydrodynamic injection (mechanical fluid flow system). By using the kinetic energy of flowing buffer solution to carry sample components through the crossing flow path into the separation flow path, the system substitutes electrical actuation with mechanical fluid dynamics, thereby eliminating mobility-dependent injection volume variations.
2Measurement precision
If crossing flow path is added to enable quantitative analysis, then quantification accuracy improves, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the flow dynamics parameters by introducing a crossing flow path that allows buffer solution to flow perpendicular to the separation direction. This parameter change in flow path geometry enables hydrodynamic injection without requiring complex additional structures. The crossing flow path is integrated into the existing plate structure, maintaining relatively simple manufacturing while achieving the desired flow pattern for quantitative analysis.
3Ease of operation
If electric injection is used, then sample introduction is achieved, but injection volume varies with mobility making correction difficult under varying conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces electric injection with hydrodynamic injection using the crossing flow path. The buffer solution flow carries sample components through the crossing flow path into the separation flow path, eliminating mobility-dependent injection volume variations. This mechanical fluid flow approach ensures that all sample components are introduced in proportion to their concentration regardless of their electrophoretic mobility, thereby improving adaptability to varying sample conditions without requiring restrictive corrections.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables accurate quantification of sample components by correcting peak areas based on injection rate, overcoming mobility differences and improving quantification accuracy without impairing the convenience or increasing the cost of the capillary electrophoresis device.
Implementation Method 1
a voltage is applied to both ends of the capillary to perform an electrophoresis of the sample within the capillary so as to separate the sample
Implementation Method 2
By dividing a portion of a capillary and using an electroosmotic flow like a simulated pump
Data Source
AI summary
The electrophoresis method includes the following steps: electrically injecting a sample into an electrophoresis flow path through one end thereof; subjecting the injected sample to electrophoresis to be separated by applying a voltage to both ends of the electrophoresis flow path; detecting the separated sample component at a detection position of the electrophoresis flow path; obtaining a peak area of the detected sample component; and correcting the obtained peak area on the basis of an injection rate of each sample component. Correction based on the injection rate includes, a correction based on a relative mobility of the sample component and at least one of: a correction based on the linear velocity at the time of sample injection for each sample component and a correction based on the current integral value at the time of sample injection.