Capillary Heat Pipe Non-Return Float for Start-Up Reliability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Capillary-pumped heat transport devices face reliability issues during start-up, particularly under high thermal loads, due to the risk of capillary wick drying out and start-up failure.

Innovation Solution

A heat transfer device with a non-return member, comprising a float with a density lower than the fluid's liquid phase, positioned between the evaporator's microporous mass and the reservoir, prevents liquid reflux and allows gas bubbles to pass, ensuring reliable capillary pumping and preventing gas plug formation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a non-return valve is used to prevent liquid reflux, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestart-up reliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The float-operated non-return member is automatically actuated by the pressure differential between the evaporator and reservoir, requiring no external control system. The float rises with pressure to open the passage and falls when pressure equalizes to close it, providing self-regulating liquid reflux prevention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operational parameter from continuous valve closure to intermittent pressure-driven opening. The non-return member remains closed under normal operation and only opens when evaporator pressure exceeds reservoir pressure, simplifying the mechanism while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If a non-return valve is used to prevent liquid reflux, then capillary wick integrity is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecapillary wick integrityVSAvoidease of operation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The float-operated non-return member is automatically actuated by the pressure differential between the evaporator and reservoir, requiring no external control system. The float rises with pressure to open the passage and falls when pressure equalizes to close it, providing self-regulating liquid reflux prevention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If a dense non-return member is used, then liquid reflux prevention is improved, but capillary pumping is hindered

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid reflux preventionVSAvoidcapillary pumping efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the operational parameter from continuous valve closure to intermittent pressure-driven opening. The non-return member remains closed under normal operation and only opens when evaporator pressure exceeds reservoir pressure, simplifying the mechanism while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The float provides a buoyant force that counteracts the weight of the non-return member, enabling it to open easily when pressure differential arises. The float's upward buoyancy force offsets the gravitational force on the non-return member, allowing smooth operation without excessive force requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #8Anti-weight (Counterweight)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the reliability of start-up and operation by preventing liquid reflux, maintaining the integrity of the capillary wick and allowing for efficient heat transfer, even under high thermal loads.

Implementation Method 1

a float returned by buoyancy thrust towards a range at the closed state

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBuoyancy: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Implementation Method 2

a microporous mass adapted to provide capillary pumping of fluid in the liquid phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Implementation Method 3

The float has a density lower than the density of the fluid in the liquid phase, and preferably comprised between 60% and 90% of the density of the fluid in the liquid phase; whereby the non-return member does not thwart the capillary pumping. Thus, the resultant of the weight and the Archimedes thrust gives a thrust force P directed upwards.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectArchimedes' principle: Archimedes' Principle (Buoyancy)

Data Source

PatentEP2756252B1Heat transfer device using capillary pumping
Publication Date: 2017.10.11 EURO HEAT PIPES
  • EP2756252B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2756252B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4b
  • EP2756252B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Heat transfer device using capiliary pumping, designed to extract heat from a hot source (11) and surrender this heat to a cold source (12) using a two-phase working fluid, comprising an evaporator (1) having a microporous mass (10) performing capillary pumping of the fluid in the liquid phase, a condenser (2), a reservoir (3) having an interior volume (30) and an inlet and/or outlet orifice (31; 31a, 31b), a vapour communication circuit (4) connecting the outlet of the evaporator to the inlet of the condenser, a liquid communication circuit (5), characterized in that it comprises a nonreturn member (6) positioned between the interior volume (30) of the reservoir and the microporous mass (10) of the evaporator, and designed to prevent liquid present in the evaporator from moving to the interior volume of the reservoir.