Capillary Temperature Zones for Online ESI-MS Thermal Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing temperature-controlled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) methods require offline thermal treatment and analysis, which is time-consuming and inefficient, necessitating the development of versatile temperature regulation devices for online, continuous thermal behavior measurements of sample fluids.

Innovation Solution

A customizable temperature regulation device with individually regulatable temperature units for capillary portions, allowing flexible control over the effective temperature profile of a sample fluid, incorporating Peltier elements, thermal insulation, and a control system for precise temperature management.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If offline thermal treatment and analysis are used, then sample thermal behavior can be determined, but the analysis is time-consuming and inefficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanalysis efficiencyVSAvoidanalysis time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The device performs preliminary thermal treatment of the sample fluid within the capillary system before analysis. Temperature regulation units pre-condition the sample at desired temperatures, and the fluid is continuously flowed through the system, eliminating the need for separate offline thermal treatment steps and enabling direct online analysis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system enables continuous online analysis by maintaining constant fluid flow through the capillary while simultaneously regulating temperature and performing analysis. The electrospray ionization source continuously receives sample fluid, allowing real-time thermal behavior determination without interruption or batch processing delays.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

2Adaptability or versatility

If multiple temperature zones are implemented along the flow path, then flexible temperature profile control is achieved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature profile control flexibilityVSAvoiddevice structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The capillary system is divided into multiple segments or zones along the flow path, with each zone equipped with independent temperature regulation capability. This segmentation allows different temperature profiles to be applied to different portions of the sample fluid, enabling complex thermal experiments while maintaining modular device architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the capillary are assigned different thermal characteristics and temperature control parameters according to specific experimental requirements. Each local zone can be independently optimized for its intended function, such as heating, cooling, or maintaining constant temperature, without affecting other zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Measurement precision

If thermal insulation between blocks is implemented, then temperature control precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature control precisionVSAvoiddevice structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Thermal insulation elements are introduced as intermediary components between adjacent temperature-controlled blocks along the flow path. These insulators prevent unwanted thermal coupling between zones, ensuring that temperature changes in one block do not inadvertently affect neighboring blocks, thereby maintaining precise independent temperature control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables flexible and precise temperature control along the flow path of a sample fluid, facilitating various thermal experiments and online analysis, including heating, cooling, and combination with optical irradiation, mixing, and enzymatic digestion, enhancing the efficiency of thermal behavior studies.

Implementation Method 1

Each of the input temperature regulation unit, the output temperature regulation unit and the at least one intermediate temperature regulation unit is configured to individually regulate a temperature of the respective portion of the capillary

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPeltier effect: Peltier Effect

Implementation Method 2

The input block, the output block and the intermediate block are preferably thermally insulated from each other via an insulator element, preferably via an insulator layer comprising or consisting of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and/or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentEP4597097A1Device and method for temperature regulation of a sample fluid
Publication Date: 2025.08.06 ETH ZURICH
  • EP4597097A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4597097A1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP4597097A1 patent drawingFigure 5~7

AI summary

A temperature regulation device (1) for regulating an effective temperature profile of a sample fluid (5), preferably a sample fluid (5) destined for electrospray ionization, has a capillary (10) configured for guiding the sample fluid (5), an input block (20) in which an input portion (12) of the capillary (10) is received, an output block (30) in which an output portion (13) of the capillary (10) is received, and at least one intermediate block (401,402,403) in which at least one intermediate portion (141,142,143) of the capillary (10) is received. Each block comprises a temperature regulation unit, wherein each of the temperature regulation units is configured to individually regulate a temperature of the respective portion of the capillary (10) and thereby regulate the effective temperature profile of the sample fluid (5) along its flow path.