CAPRIN-1 Targeting Antibody for Selective Cancer Cell Damage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer treatments using antibodies targeting antigenic proteins often result in adverse reactions due to the proteins' expression in both cancer and normal cells, leading to insufficient therapeutic outcomes with significant side effects.
Innovation Solution
Development of an antibody specifically targeting a partial CAPRIN-1 polypeptide, which is predominantly expressed on the surface of cancer cells, utilizing monoclonal, human, or humanized antibodies to minimize damage to normal cells and enhance antitumor activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antibodies targeting antigenic proteins are used for cancer treatment, then antitumor activity is achieved, but adverse reactions occur due to protein expression in normal cells
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by developing an antibody that specifically recognizes and binds to CAPRIN-1 protein expressed on cancer cells, while not reacting with normal cells. This selective binding ensures that the therapeutic effect is localized to cancer cells only, eliminating adverse reactions on normal tissues. The antibody's specificity creates a localized therapeutic action precisely where needed - on the surface of cancer cells expressing CAPRIN-1.
2Strength
If conventional antibody therapy is used, then cancer cells are damaged, but normal cells expressing antigens are also damaged resulting in adverse reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the population of cells into two distinct groups: cancer cells expressing CAPRIN-1 and normal cells not expressing this protein. The antibody is designed to specifically recognize and bind only to the CAPRIN-1 antigen on cancer cells, creating a segmented therapeutic effect that spares normal cells. This segmentation ensures that the harmful effect (cell damage) is applied only to the cancer cell segment while leaving the normal cell segment unaffected.
3Adaptability or versatility
If antibodies targeting widely expressed antigens are used, then broad cancer coverage is achieved, but specificity is reduced leading to more adverse effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the taking out principle by extracting the CAPRIN-1 antigen as a specific target from the general population of cancer antigens. Instead of using a broad-spectrum antibody that recognizes multiple antigens across various cancer types, the invention isolates and targets the specific CAPRIN-1 protein that is uniquely expressed on cancer cells. This extraction of a specific target antigen allows the antibody to maintain high specificity while still achieving broad coverage across multiple cancer types that express CAPRIN-1.
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides an antibody targeting a cancer antigenic protein specifically expressed on the surface of cancer cells and use thereof in a therapeutic and/or preventive agent for cancers. Specifically, this invention provides an antibody or a fragment thereof which has immunological reactivity with a partial CAPRIN-1 polypeptide consisting of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 5 or an amino acid sequence having 80% or higher sequence identity to the amino acid sequence, and a pharmaceutical composition for treatment and/or prevention of cancers, comprising the antibody or fragment thereof as an active ingredient.