Capsule Endoscope Dual-Wavelength Hemorrhage Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current in vivo examination apparatuses and capsule endoscopes face challenges in sensitively identifying minute hemorrhages in the small intestine, requiring improved methods to differentiate between hemorrhages and background tissue.
Innovation Solution
An in vivo examination apparatus with an illumination unit emitting light in two specific wavelength bands (600 nm and 415 nm) and an image acquisition unit with sensitivity to these bands, alternately controlling illumination and image capture to generate white-light images, allowing for independent luminance information in R, G, and B regions, and satisfying a specific reflectance condition to enhance hemorrhage detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional single-wavelength illumination is used, then device complexity is low, but hemorrhage detection sensitivity is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The illumination system is segmented into multiple independent light sources emitting at different wavelengths (first wavelength band centered at 600 nm, second wavelength band centered at 415 nm). Each wavelength band targets different tissue properties, enabling differentiated detection of blood versus background tissue through multi-spectral imaging.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the illumination wavelength parameter to exploit differential absorption characteristics of hemoglobin at different wavelengths. By switching between first and second wavelength bands, the system detects reflectance variations that indicate hemorrhage presence, achieving high sensitivity without requiring complex continuous-spectrum sources.
2Measurement precision
If multiple wavelength bands are used for hemorrhage detection, then detection sensitivity improves, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The illumination unit alternates between emitting light in the first wavelength band and light in the second wavelength band in a periodic manner. This time-division multiplexing approach allows the system to use multiple wavelength bands for enhanced detection sensitivity while keeping the illumination sources active only intermittently, thereby reducing overall energy consumption compared to continuous multi-wavelength illumination.
3Measurement precision
If multiple wavelength bands are used, then hemorrhage detection sensitivity improves, but image acquisition time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs periodic alternation between first and second wavelength band illumination with synchronized image capture at each phase. This structured time-division approach ensures that images acquired during first wavelength band emission and images acquired during second wavelength band emission are captured in rapid succession, minimizing total acquisition time while maintaining the sensitivity benefits of multi-wavelength detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The illumination unit and image acquisition unit operate in continuous coordinated cycles, alternating between wavelength bands without interruption. This continuous operation ensures that both wavelength bands contribute to hemorrhage detection within a single scanning pass, preventing time loss that would occur with separate acquisition passes and maintaining high detection sensitivity efficiently.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables sensitive detection of minute hemorrhages by differentiating between blood and background tissue reflectance, reducing analysis time and energy consumption, and facilitating real-time identification of hemorrhages, while also reducing storage and battery usage in capsule endoscopes.
Implementation Method 1
an illuminating means for radiating light of two wavelengths that have different absorption intensities in blood
Implementation Method 2
an image acquisition unit that is formed of an imaging optical system and an imaging element that has sensitivity to light in the two wavelength bands
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is an in vivo examination apparatus including an illumination unit emitting two types of illumination light in different wavelength bands; and an image acquisition unit having sensitivity to the wavelength bands of the two types of illumination light. Blood and background tissue have higher reflectances than a predetermined threshold to illumination light in a first wavelength band, blood has a lower reflectance than the threshold to illumination light in a second wavelength band, and a condition (R1b/R1a)>(R2b/R2a) is satisfied, where R1a is the reflectance of the background tissue to the illumination light in the first wavelength band, R1b is the reflectance of the blood to the illumination light in the first wavelength band, R2a is the reflectance of the background tissue to the illumination light in the second wavelength band, and R2b is the reflectance of the blood to the illumination light in the second wavelength band.