CAR Modified Cells Targeting Tumor Antigens
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunotherapy approaches, such as CAR T-cell therapy, are not sufficiently effective for treating solid tumors, particularly due to limitations in targeting specific antigens expressed on both tumor and normal cells, leading to potential harm to non-essential organs.
Innovation Solution
Development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified cells that specifically target antigens overexpressed on tumor cells, including those for breast, colorectal, gastric, bladder, ovary, and thyroid cancers, using nucleic acid sequences encoding CARs with antigen binding domains, transmembrane domains, costimulatory signaling regions, and CD3 zeta signaling domains, to selectively kill tumor cells while sparing non-essential organs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If CAR T-cell therapy targets antigens expressed on both tumor and normal cells, then tumor treatment efficacy is improved, but harm to non-essential organs increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing CARs with antigen binding domains that specifically recognize and bind to antigens uniquely expressed on tumor cells rather than normal cells. This creates localized immune activity against tumor tissues while sparing non-essential organs, resolving the contradiction between treatment efficacy and organ safety through precise target differentiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of off-target effects into benefit by carefully selecting antigens that are either tumor-specific or selectively overexpressed on tumors. By framing the CAR design to target these specific antigens, the therapy transforms what could be harmful broad targeting into beneficial precise targeting, eliminating harm to non-essential organs while maintaining tumor efficacy.
2Adaptability or versatility
If CAR T-cell therapy uses broad antigen targeting, then treatment coverage is improved, but specificity and safety decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by developing a modular CAR platform where the antigen binding domain can be tailored to different antigens across various cancer types. This allows the same basic CAR structure to serve multiple functions and treat different cancers by simply changing the antigen binding domain, achieving both broad treatment coverage and high specificity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the antigen binding domain parameters (specificity, affinity, isoform selection) to match different tumor antigens. By adjusting these parameters for different cancer types and target antigens, the therapy achieves both broad adaptability across cancer types and precise targeting for each specific application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The CAR modified cells effectively stimulate a T-cell mediated immune response, selectively targeting and killing tumor cells with minimal harm to non-essential organs, thereby improving treatment efficacy and reducing adverse effects.
Implementation Method 1
The antigen binding domain may bind to an antigen of a non-essential organ. For example, the antigen binding domain binds to an antigen that is expressed on the surface of a non-essential organ cell present in a microenvironment of a tumor.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for compositions, methods, and kits for treating cancer using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified cells. Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an isolated nucleic acid sequence encoding CAR. The CAR may include an antigen binding domain, a transmembrane domain, a costimulatory signaling region, and a CD3 zeta signaling domain. The antigen binding domain may bind to an antigen of a non-essential organ.