CAR T-Cell Specificity via Fluorescent Antigen Screening

The patent segments the targeting function by using multiple independent CARs (first CAR and second CAR) that recognize different surface molecules. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high specificity through combinatorial recognition while maintaining manageable complexity by using standardized CAR constructs for each target.

The patent creates a composite CAR T cell population that expresses multiple different CARs simultaneously. This composite approach combines the targeting capabilities of different CARs to achieve enhanced specificity, where the combined effect of multiple CARs provides reliable tumor targeting while each individual CAR maintains a manageable design.

The patent employs universal CAR constructs that can be applied across different cancer types by simply changing the antigen target. The standardized CAR design with common signaling domains and structural elements allows the same platform to target multiple different surface molecules, reducing the complexity of developing personalized combinations while maintaining high specificity.

The patent changes the antigen target parameter while keeping the CAR structural parameters constant. By modifying only the antigen-binding domain to recognize different surface molecules while maintaining the same signaling and transmembrane domains, the system achieves personalized targeting without proportionally increasing overall complexity.

The patent performs preliminary identification of suitable surface molecule targets using in vitro assays and computational analysis before committing to full-scale CAR T cell manufacturing. This preliminary screening of potential targets allows for accurate tumor marker profiling to be completed in advance, ensuring targeting accuracy while reducing the time required during the actual therapy development phase.

The patent accelerates the target identification process by using high-throughput screening methods and computational predictions to rapidly evaluate multiple surface molecules. This allows the essential tumor marker profiling to be rushed through in a compressed timeframe, maintaining measurement precision while minimizing the time loss in the overall therapy development process.

The patent segments the recognition function across multiple CARs with different antigen specificities. Each CAR can have moderate affinity for its specific target, but the combined action of multiple CARs on the same tumor cell achieves high overall killing efficiency. This segmentation reduces the risk to healthy cells because each individual CAR with moderate affinity is less likely to cause off-target effects.

The patent applies different affinity characteristics to different CARs based on the local requirements of their respective targets. Some CARs may have higher affinity for antigens that are rare on healthy cells, while others have lower affinity for more common antigens. This localized optimization of affinity for each CAR allows efficient tumor cell killing while minimizing overall risk to healthy cells.