Transition Metal Carbide Piezoresistive Layer for Thin-Film Sensors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing thin-film sensors face challenges in achieving high sensitivity, mechanical stability, and minimizing thermal stress due to mismatched thermal expansion coefficients between layer resistors and membrane components, which affects measurement accuracy and longevity.

Innovation Solution

A sheet resistor with a piezoresistive layer made from transition metal carbides, such as chromium carbide (Cr3C2), which has a low modulus of elasticity and well-matched thermal expansion coefficients with typical carrier materials, enabling high mechanical stability and sensitivity, and can be adapted through mixed crystal formation with additional materials like tungsten carbide to optimize electrical and mechanical properties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional layer resistors are used in thin-film sensors, then the sensor structure is simple, but thermal stress occurs due to mismatched thermal expansion coefficients between the resistor and membrane components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensor structureVSAvoidthermal stress
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameters of the layer resistor by using transition metal carbides (such as chromium carbide Cr3C2) which have thermal expansion coefficients matched to typical membrane materials. This parameter change eliminates thermal stress while maintaining structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs composite material structures where the piezoresistive layer is formed from transition metal carbides that combine electrical resistance properties with thermal expansion characteristics matched to membrane materials, resolving the thermal stress issue through material composition selection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional layer resistors are used, then manufacturing is easier, but sensitivity is insufficient for accurate measurements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresistor fabricationVSAvoidsensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material composition to transition metal carbides which provide both adequate sensitivity for measurements and compatibility with existing thin-film deposition techniques, maintaining ease of manufacture while improving measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies piezoresistive transition metal carbide layers specifically in regions where sensitivity is required, while maintaining standard manufacturing processes for the overall sensor structure, thus improving measurement precision without complicating fabrication.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Device complexity

If conventional layer resistors are used, then the structure is simple, but mechanical stability is poor under cyclic bending stress

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresistor structureVSAvoidmechanical stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses transition metal carbide materials that inherently possess high mechanical stability and low Young's modulus, enabling the layer resistor to withstand cyclic bending stress without compromising structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the mechanical parameters of the resistor material by selecting transition metal carbides with low Young's modulus (≤ 500 GPa), which provides high mechanical stability under cyclic bending while maintaining a simple layered structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Ease of manufacture

If conventional layer resistors are used, then manufacturing is straightforward, but the modulus of elasticity is too high causing stress during measurement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication processVSAvoidmodulus of elasticity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the elastic modulus parameter by selecting transition metal carbide materials with Young's modulus ≤ 500 GPa, which is sufficiently low to allow membrane deformation during measurement while remaining manufacturable using standard thin-film techniques.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a thin-film sensor with enhanced sensitivity, mechanical stability, and increased longevity by minimizing thermal stress, allowing for accurate and reliable strain, force, and pressure measurements under high temperatures and pressures.

Implementation Method 1

The piezoresistive layer has the property of responding to bending with changes in resistance, thus enabling strain, force, and pressure measurements when used in a thin-film sensor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPiezoresistive effect: Piezoresistive Effect

Implementation Method 2

The expansion coefficients of transition metal carbides can be well matched to the expansion coefficients of typical substrate materials or membrane materials, such as those used in thin-film sensors. This avoids resistance changes in the piezoresistive layer that arise from differing expansion coefficients between the piezoresistive layer and, for example, a membrane in a thin-film sensor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP3642583B1Film resistor and thin-film sensor
Publication Date: 2023.08.02 TDK ELECTRONICS AG
  • EP3642583B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a film resistor comprising a piezoresistive layer, the piezoresistive layer containing a first transition metal carbide. Further disclosed is a thin-film sensor comprising the film resistor.