Carbon-Doped Titanium Oxide Layer Combustion Flame Durability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional titanium oxide-based photocatalysts face challenges with durability, such as hardness, scratch resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, and heat resistance, limiting their practical application.

Innovation Solution

A carbon-doped titanium oxide layer with Ti—C bonds is formed on a substrate by heat-treating it with a hydrocarbon combustion flame, enhancing durability and enabling visible light responsiveness.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If titanium oxide film is formed by spray coating, spin coating, or dipping, then photocatalytic function is achieved, but the film peels off or wears easily resulting in poor durability

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefilm durabilityVSAvoidfilm adhesion strength

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the bonding mechanism parameter from physical adsorption (in conventional coating methods) to chemical bonding by forming Ti-C bonds between the titanium oxide film and substrate through combustion flame treatment, resulting in exceptional adhesion strength and durability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure where carbon-doped titanium oxide forms a chemically bonded film on the substrate, combining the photocatalytic properties of titanium oxide with the adhesion benefits of carbon bonding, achieving both functionality and durability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If titanium oxide is doped with various elements to function by visible light, then visible light responsiveness is achieved, but durability (hardness, scratch resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance) deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvevisible light responsivenessVSAvoiddurability

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by doping carbon specifically at the surface layer of the titanium oxide film through combustion flame treatment, maintaining the bulk titanium oxide structure's durability while adding visible light responsiveness and enhanced surface hardness at the functional interface

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the doping element from conventional elements (F, N, S, P, Ni) to carbon, which uniquely provides both visible light responsiveness and enhanced surface hardness, resolving the contradiction between functionality and durability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The resulting multifunctional material exhibits high hardness, scratch resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, and heat resistance, while functioning as a visible light responding photocatalyst, suitable for various technical fields where hard chromium platings are used.

Implementation Method 1

heat-treating it with a hydrocarbon combustion flame

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Implementation Method 2

heat-treating the surface of a substrate having at least a surface layer comprising titanium, a titanium alloy, a titanium alloy oxide, or titanium oxide, at a high temperature, for example, with the use of a combustion flame of a gas, which consists essentially of a hydrocarbon

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectThermal doping:

Implementation Method 3

functions as a visible light responding photocatalyst

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectLight absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 4

titanium dioxide TiO2 has hitherto been known as a substance showing a photocatalytic function

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPhotocatalysis:

Data Source

PatentUS7838113B2Multifunctional material having carbon-doped titanium oxide layer

Publication Date: 2010.11.23 CENTRAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY

AI summary

A multifunctional material having a carbon-doped titanium oxide layer, which has carbon doped in the state of Ti—C bonds, is excellent in durability (high hardness, scratch resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, heat resistance) and functions as a visible light responding photocatalyst, is provided. The multifunctional material of the present invention is obtained, for example, by heat-treating the surface of a substrate, which has at least a surface layer comprising titanium, a titanium alloy, a titanium alloy oxide, or titanium oxide, in a combustion gas atmosphere of a gas consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon such that the surface temperature of the substrate is 900 to 1,500° C.; or by directly striking a combustion flame of a gas consisting essentially of a hydrocarbon, against the surface of the substrate for heat treatment such that the surface temperature of the substrate is 900 to 1,500° C.