Carbon Electrode Bonding Structure for Wider Anodic Detection

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electrochemical measurement systems have limited potential windows, particularly in the anodic direction, which restricts the detection of substances like RNA-derived compounds, and require high-temperature processes for electrode production, making them inefficient and costly.

Innovation Solution

A carbon electrode with a conductive carbon layer having a high ratio of sp3 to sp2 bonded carbon atoms and a specific oxygen-to-carbon concentration ratio, fabricated using low-temperature techniques, extends the potential window for anodic direction detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional working electrodes (platinum, gold, glassy carbon, boron-doped diamond) are used, then reliable electrochemical measurement is achieved, but production requires very high temperatures or scarce noble metals

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemeasurement reliabilityVSAvoidproduction temperature

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the bonding structure parameters of carbon atoms in the conductive carbon layer, specifically controlling the sp3 bonding ratio to be 0.2 or higher. This structural parameter change enables the material to achieve both good electrochemical performance and low-temperature processability, resolving the contradiction between measurement reliability and production temperature requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure by forming a conductive carbon layer on a substrate, where the carbon layer contains specific ratios of sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon atoms. This composite approach combines the advantages of different carbon bonding structures to achieve both electrochemical performance and ease of manufacturing at low temperatures

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Temperature

If conventional carbon electrodes are used, then production at relatively low temperature is achieved, but the potential window is limited and detection capability is restricted

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveproduction temperatureVSAvoiddetection capability

Core Design Contradiction:

TemperatureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the bonding structure parameters of carbon atoms in the conductive carbon layer, specifically controlling the sp3 bonding ratio to be 0.2 or higher. This structural parameter change enables the material to achieve both good electrochemical performance and low-temperature processability, resolving the contradiction between measurement reliability and production temperature requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure by forming a conductive carbon layer on a substrate, where the carbon layer contains specific ratios of sp2 and sp3 bonded carbon atoms. This composite approach combines the advantages of different carbon bonding structures to achieve both electrochemical performance and ease of manufacturing at low temperatures

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

3Adaptability or versatility

If the potential window is extended to the anodic direction for detecting substances like RNA, then detection versatility is improved, but the electrode material requirements become more stringent

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedetection versatilityVSAvoidmaterial structure complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the bonding structure parameters of carbon atoms in the conductive carbon layer, specifically controlling the sp3 bonding ratio to be 0.2 or higher. This structural parameter change enables the material to achieve both good electrochemical performance and low-temperature processability, resolving the contradiction between measurement reliability and production temperature requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The extended potential window allows for the detection of substances with high potentials, such as RNA-derived compounds, while reducing production costs and environmental impact through lower temperature processing.

Implementation Method 1

there is known electrochemical measurement method using an electrochemical reaction to carry out a qualitative analysis or a quantitative analysis of a trace amount of ions or residues in a solution

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrochemical reaction: Redox Reactions

Data Source

PatentUS12159998B2Electrode and electrochemical measurement system

Publication Date: 2024.12.03 NITTO DENKO CORP

AI summary

A carbon electrode includes a substrate, and a conductive carbon layer disposed at an upper side of the substrate and having an sp2 bond and an sp3 bond. On an upper surface of the conductive carbon layer, the concentration ratio of oxygen to carbon is 0.07 or more. The ratio of a number of sp3 bonded carbon atoms to the sum of a number of sp2 bonded carbon atoms and the number of sp3 bonded carbon atoms is 0.35 or more.