Distributed Carbon Flow Calculation for Privacy-Preserving Power Grids
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current carbon emission accounting in power grids faces inaccuracies due to data confidentiality and differences in power grid ranges, leading to incorrect calculation of electricity carbon emission factors and indirect carbon dioxide emissions across sub-regions.
Innovation Solution
A distributed collaborative privacy calculation method and system that constructs electricity quantity exchange matrices, power generation information matrices, and carbon emission information matrices to calculate accurate electricity carbon emission factors using a matrix-based approach, ensuring data confidentiality through iterative corrections with the block-Jacobi iteration method.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If cross-organization data fusion is performed to account for carbon emission amounts in sub-regions, then the completeness of carbon emission data is improved, but data confidentiality and security deteriorate due to potential leakage of scheduling data between regions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the centralized data fusion process into distributed segments where each region independently constructs its own carbon emission account using local data and received accounting results from other regions. This segmentation eliminates the need for centralized data collection, thereby maintaining data confidentiality while achieving complete carbon emission accounting across all sub-regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary mechanism where regions exchange only necessary aggregated data (electricity quantity exchange matrices and accounting results) rather than raw scheduling data. This intermediary approach enables complete carbon emission data fusion while protecting sensitive scheduling information from direct exposure between regions.
2Ease of manufacture
If an average carbon emission factor in the range of each power grid is used for calculation, then the ease of calculation is improved, but the precision of carbon emission factor deteriorates because it covers an excessive range and cannot accurately reflect differential structure of power source in each sub-region
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the carbon emission factor calculation from the regional level down to the sub-region level. Each sub-region within a region has its own carbon emission factor calculated based on specific power generation data, allowing precise reflection of differential power source structures while maintaining calculation simplicity through the standardized matrix-based approach.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by calculating carbon emission factors specific to each sub-region's power generation characteristics rather than using a uniform regional average. This allows each sub-region's unique power source structure (coal, gas, renewable, etc.) to be accurately reflected in its carbon emission factor, improving precision while maintaining ease of calculation through the distributed matrix method.
3Adaptability or versatility
If there are differences between the range of power grid disposed in each sub-region and the range of the sub-region, then the adaptability of the calculation method is improved to handle various administrative boundaries, but the precision of carbon emission accounting deteriorates due to mismatched ranges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the calculation system to operate at multiple hierarchical levels (region level and sub-region level) with clearly defined boundaries for each. This segmentation allows the system to adapt to different administrative boundary configurations while maintaining precise carbon emission accounting within each sub-region by using the corresponding power generation data from matching power grid ranges.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of forcing sub-regional boundaries to match power grid ranges, the patent inverts the approach by allowing power grid ranges to differ from sub-region boundaries and using matrix operations to correctly allocate and calculate carbon emissions for each sub-region based on its specific power consumption and generation characteristics, thereby maintaining precision despite range differences.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a distributed collaborative privacy calculation method and system for carbon emission in a plurality of power grids. An electricity quantity exchange matrix between regions, and a power generation information matrix, an electricity quantity exchange matrix, and a power-generation carbon emission information matrix of each region are constructed. A corresponding electricity carbon flow information matrix is calculated based on the power generation information matrix and the electricity quantity exchange matrix of each region. An electricity carbon emission balance equation is constructed, and an electricity carbon emission factor matrix of each region is calculated, where the electricity carbon emission factor matrix is constituted by an electricity carbon emission factor of a sub-region. The present disclosure constructs the electricity carbon emission balance equation by using a matrix relationship based on transferred electricity quantity between the regions and corresponding electricity carbon flow information and power-generation carbon emission information of each region.