Crystalline Carbonaceous Material with Controlled Interlayer Spacing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors and rechargeable lithium batteries, face challenges in increasing the surface area of active materials to enhance capacity, as existing methods do not effectively control interlayer spacing in carbonaceous materials, leading to inefficient ion intercalation and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage.
Innovation Solution
A crystalline carbonaceous material with controlled interlayer spacing is developed, achieved by incorporating a filler such as Si, S, Al, or their compounds between the layers of crystalline carbon, and a specific heat treatment process to maintain the interlayer spacing between 0.335 nm and 1 nm, allowing for improved ion absorption and conductivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the surface area of active material is increased to enhance capacity, then the capacity of energy storage device is improved, but the interlayer spacing control is insufficient leading to electrolyte decomposition under high voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the interlayer spacing parameter of carbonaceous materials to a specific range (0.34-0.36 nm) through chemical treatment methods. This parameter optimization allows the material to achieve high capacity while preventing electrolyte decomposition, as the controlled spacing creates an optimal environment for ion intercalation without requiring high voltage that would cause electrolyte breakdown.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining carbonaceous materials with specific interlayer spacing control mechanisms. The treated carbonaceous material structure acts as a composite system where the controlled interlayer spacing provides both high surface area for capacity and protective characteristics that prevent electrolyte decomposition, resolving the contradiction between capacity enhancement and electrolyte stability.
2Productivity
If high voltage is applied to achieve efficient ion intercalation, then the ion transfer efficiency is improved, but the electrolyte decomposition occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the structural parameter of interlayer spacing to optimize ion intercalation efficiency without requiring high voltage. By controlling the spacing to 0.34-0.36 nm, the material facilitates efficient ion transfer through its structure while operating at lower voltages that do not cause electrolyte decomposition, thus resolving the contradiction between productivity and harmful effects.
3Quantity of substance
If the interlayer spacing is increased to improve ion absorption, then the ion intercalation capability is enhanced, but the structural stability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the interlayer spacing parameter to a precise range (0.34-0.36 nm) that balances ion absorption capability with structural stability. This optimized parameter allows sufficient spacing for effective ion intercalation while maintaining the structural integrity of the carbonaceous material, preventing both excessive expansion and insufficient ion access.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material exhibits enhanced capacity and reduced electrolyte decomposition, maintaining high conductivity and energy density, enabling efficient ion intercalation and desorption without applying high voltage, thus improving the performance of energy storage devices.
Implementation Method 1
a specific heat treatment process to maintain the interlayer spacing between 0.335 nm and 1 nm
Implementation Method 2
when its X-ray diffraction is measured using a CuKα ray
Data Source
AI summary
A crystalline carbonaceous material with a controlled interlayer spacing and a method of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, a crystalline carbonaceous material has a layered structure including a plurality of layers and where a filler is present between the layers. The layers with the filler have an interlayer spacing d002 at a (002) plane, and the interlayer spacing d002 is at or between 0.335 nm and 1 nm when its X-ray diffraction is measured using a CuKα ray.