Carbonate Precipitate Filter Pack for Fines Migration Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

During well stimulation, completion, and production operations, fine particles such as clays, sand, and other unstable formation materials migrate towards the wellbore, causing equipment wear, plugging, and reduced productivity by clogging flow channels.

Innovation Solution

Introducing a treatment fluid containing a carbonate producing agent, urea, and a cation source into the subterranean formation to form a low-solubility carbonate precipitate, which consolidates particles and forms a fluid-permeable pack that prevents the passage of fines into the wellbore while allowing fluid passage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If formation fines are allowed to migrate toward the wellbore, then natural production flow is maintained, but equipment wear, plugging, and productivity reduction occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewell productivityVSAvoidequipment wear and plugging
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a treatment fluid containing carbonate-producing agents (bacteria or enzymes) and cation sources as an intermediary substance. This fluid migrates with the production flow and facilitates in-situ carbonate precipitate formation, which then acts as the actual intermediary that consolidates formation fines and filters them from the production stream, protecting equipment while maintaining flow

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the chemical parameters of the production environment by introducing carbonate-producing agents and cation sources. These parameter changes trigger carbonate precipitate formation, transforming the physical state of fines from loose and migratory to consolidated and filtered, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining flow and preventing harm

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If a filter pack is formed to prevent fines migration, then equipment protection is improved, but fluid flow may be restricted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveequipment protectionVSAvoidfluid flow
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a porous carbonate precipitate filter pack that allows fluid flow while blocking fines. The precipitate forms a porous structure with interconnected void spaces that permit production fluids to pass through while capturing and consolidating formation fines, thus protecting equipment without restricting fluid flow

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite structure combining carbonate precipitate with formation fines and proppant particles. This composite material forms a filter pack that leverages the structural properties of multiple components to achieve both filtration and flow maintenance functions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Stability of the object's composition

If treatment fluid is introduced to form carbonate precipitate, then fines stabilization is achieved, but additional chemicals and processing steps are required

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefines stabilizationVSAvoidtreatment process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs self-service mechanisms where carbonate-producing bacteria or enzymes naturally convert introduced carbon sources into carbonate precipitate in-situ. This self-service approach eliminates the need for direct carbonate injection or complex external processing equipment, achieving fines stabilization through biological or enzymatic self-action

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The treatment fluid serves as an intermediary delivery system that introduces carbonate-producing agents and cation sources to the formation. This intermediary approach simplifies the overall process by combining multiple functions (delivery, reaction initiation, and precipitate formation) into a single injectable fluid system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method effectively stabilizes fines within the formation, reducing migration and maintaining well productivity by forming a permeable pack that filters out fines from production materials.

Implementation Method 1

allowing a carbonate precipitate to form, the carbonate precipitate comprising a cation from the cation source and having a water solubility of less than about 0.1 g/100 mL at 25° C. and atmospheric pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCarbonate precipitation: Precipitation

Data Source

PatentUS11060013B2Methods of controlling fines migration in a well
Publication Date: 2021.07.13 BAKER HUGHES CO

AI summary

A method of treating a subterranean formation penetrated by a wellbore comprises: introducing into the subterranean formation a treatment fluid comprising a carbonate producing agent, urea, and a cation source; allowing a carbonate precipitate to form, the carbonate precipitate comprising a cation from the cation source and having a water solubility of less than about 0.1 g/100 mL at 25° C. and atmospheric pressure; and reducing or substantially preventing the passage of formation particles from the subterranean formation into the wellbore while allowing passage of formation fluids from the subterranean formation into the wellbore.