Carbonate Immobilization Membrane Filtration to Suppress Scaling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for immobilizing carbon dioxide, such as evaporating sea water to generate calcium carbonate, require significant energy and lead to membrane scaling issues due to alkaline-earth metal carbonate adhesion.
Innovation Solution
Utilizing a semipermeable membrane with a magnesium chloride blocking rate of 1.0% to 99.0% and sodium chloride blocking rate of 95.0% or less to concentrate treatment target water, allowing alkaline-earth metal carbonate generation while minimizing membrane scaling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If sea water is evaporated to generate calcium carbonate, then carbon dioxide immobilization is achieved, but significant energy is consumed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the thermal evaporation process with a membrane filtration system. A semipermeable membrane with specific pore size (0.4 μm to 4 μm) concentrates alkaline-earth metal ions from seawater through physical filtration, eliminating the need for high-energy evaporation while achieving carbonate precipitation and CO2 immobilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the concentration method from thermal to mechanical. By controlling membrane pore size and applying pressure differential, the system concentrates ions to supersaturation levels without heating, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining effective carbonate generation for CO2 immobilization.
2Quantity of substance
If conventional membrane concentration is used to generate alkaline-earth metal carbonate, then carbon dioxide immobilization is achieved, but membrane scaling occurs due to carbonate adhesion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a specific pore size range (0.4 μm to 4 μm) to the membrane that allows carbonate particles to pass through while retaining alkaline-earth metal ions. This localized structural property prevents carbonate adhesion to the membrane surface, eliminating scaling issues while maintaining concentration efficiency for CO2 immobilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The membrane acts as an intermediary with carefully controlled pore dimensions. It mediates between the concentration need (for carbonate generation) and the scaling problem (carbonate adhesion) by allowing carbonate particles to pass through its pores, thus preventing membrane fouling while enabling effective CO2 immobilization.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Efficient carbon dioxide immobilization with reduced energy consumption and minimized membrane performance degradation by enabling carbonate passage through the membrane, thus suppressing scaling.
Implementation Method 1
concentrating treatment target water containing an alkaline-earth metal ion using a membrane having a magnesium chloride blocking rate of 1.0% or more and 99.0% or less
Implementation Method 2
concentrating treatment target water containing an alkaline-earth metal ion using a membrane having a magnesium chloride blocking rate of 1.0% or more and 99.0% or less
Implementation Method 3
generates an alkaline-earth metal carbonate by concentrating treatment target water containing an alkaline-earth metal ion
Implementation Method 4
generates calcium carbonate and/or a magnesium carbonate and that immobilizes carbon dioxide
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a carbonate immobilization device that generates an alkaline-earth metal carbonate by concentrating treatment target water containing an alkaline-earth metal ion using a membrane having a magnesium chloride blocking rate of 1.0% or more and 99.0% or less. More specifically, the present invention relates to the carbonate immobilization device wherein the membrane has a sodium chloride blocking rate of 1.0% or more and 99.0% or less, and the treatment target water contains a sodium ion.