Multi-level Machine Learning Algorithm for Cardiac Fitness Assessment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current medical technologies face challenges in accurately assessing the fitness of the cardiovascular system, particularly in distinguishing between different cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, due to the complexity and variability of available medical measurements.

Innovation Solution

A multi-level processing algorithm is employed, utilizing machine learning techniques like artificial neural networks to process diverse input datasets, including imaging and non-imaging data, to determine diagnostic metrics and classify the fitness of the cardiovascular system across various stages of disease, enabling comprehensive evaluation and trend analysis.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If multiple medical measurements are used to assess cardiovascular fitness, then the comprehensiveness of assessment is improved, but the difficulty of correctly assessing fitness increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomprehensiveness of assessmentVSAvoiddifficulty of correctly assessing fitness
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the complex assessment task into multiple independent machine learning models, each specialized in analyzing specific types of medical measurements (e.g., echocardiography, ECG, CT scans). Each model processes a particular data modality and outputs a diagnostic metric, which are then integrated to form a comprehensive cardiovascular fitness assessment. This segmentation reduces the difficulty by breaking down the complex problem into manageable specialized tasks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal multi-level processing algorithm framework that can handle diverse medical measurement types through a common architecture. The system uses a standardized interface and integration layer that accepts multiple input types (imaging, physiological signals, laboratory values) and produces unified diagnostic outputs. This multi-functionality allows the system to comprehensively assess cardiovascular fitness across different disease conditions using a single platform.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If machine learning algorithms are used to process medical measurements, then the accuracy of cardiovascular fitness assessment is improved, but the complexity of the processing system increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of assessmentVSAvoidcomplexity of processing system
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the machine learning processing system into multiple specialized models, each trained on specific types of medical data. Instead of using one complex monolithic model, the system employs several smaller models that each excel at processing their designated data type (e.g., one model for echocardiography images, another for ECG signals). This segmentation maintains high accuracy for each data type while reducing the overall system complexity through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary integration layer that combines the outputs of multiple specialized machine learning models. This intermediary component receives diagnostic metrics from various models, standardizes their formats, and integrates them into a unified cardiovascular fitness assessment. The intermediary layer simplifies the complexity by providing a standardized interface between diverse models and the final assessment output.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If multi-level processing algorithms are employed to determine diagnostic metrics, then the accuracy of disease detection is improved, but the computational resources required increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of disease detectionVSAvoidcomputational resources required
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the computational workload across multiple specialized machine learning models, each optimized for specific data types and disease detections. This allows parallel processing of different measurement types, improving detection accuracy through comprehensive analysis while distributing computational resources efficiently. Each model can be trained and executed independently, optimizing resource utilization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements preliminary processing steps that prepare and pre-process medical measurement data before it enters the main multi-level processing algorithm. This includes data normalization, feature extraction, and preliminary filtering that reduce the complexity and size of input data. By performing these preliminary actions, the system reduces the computational resources required by the subsequent diagnostic models while maintaining or improving detection accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentUS12004860B2Cardiac function assessment using machine-learning algorithms
Publication Date: 2024.06.11 SIEMENS HEALTHINEERS AG
  • US12004860B2 patent drawing
  • US12004860B2 patent drawing
  • US12004860B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A method includes processing at least one input dataset (using a multi-level processing algorithm, one or more of the at least one input dataset comprising imaging data of an echocardiography of a cardiovascular system of a patient. The multi-level processing algorithm comprises a multi-task level and a consolidation-task level. An input of the consolidation-task level is coupled to an output of the multi-task level. The multi-task level is configured to determine multiple diagnostic metrics of the cardiovascular system based on the at least one input dataset. The consolidation-task level is configured to determine a fitness of the cardiovascular system of the patient.