Cardiac Function Evaluation via Pulse Oximeter Second Derivative Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for evaluating cardiac pumping function are not capable of immediate assessment, which can delay necessary corrective actions during surgical procedures.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that utilizes a pulse oximeter to monitor blood pulse waveforms, calculating the second derivative of the waveform's amplitude to assess the acceleration and deceleration of blood flow, thereby evaluating the cardiac pumping function.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of time
If traditional pulse waveform monitoring is used to evaluate cardiac pumping function, then the monitoring can be performed continuously, but the evaluation is delayed and cannot provide immediate assessment for timely corrective actions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the evaluation approach by changing from direct waveform analysis to analyzing the second derivative of the waveform. This parameter transformation enables immediate detection of cardiac function changes, resolving the contradiction between rapid evaluation and accurate assessment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical/visual waveform interpretation with mathematical derivative calculation. By substituting the analysis method from direct observation to computational derivative analysis, immediate and precise cardiac function evaluation becomes possible without delay.
2Productivity
If second derivative calculation is implemented for immediate cardiac function evaluation, then the evaluation speed improves, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the existing pulse oximeter system multi-functional by adding second derivative calculation capability to its existing waveform monitoring function. This allows the same device to perform both traditional waveform display and immediate cardiac function evaluation through derivative analysis, increasing productivity without requiring entirely new equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines the waveform acquisition function with the derivative calculation function in a single integrated system. By merging these functions, the system achieves rapid cardiac evaluation while avoiding the complexity of separate independent systems.
3Quantity of substance
If continuous monitoring of pulse waveforms is performed, then the data availability is sufficient for evaluation, but the amount of data processing required increases complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential information needed for cardiac function evaluation by calculating the second derivative, rather than processing the entire continuous waveform dataset. This extraction approach maintains sufficient data availability for accurate evaluation while significantly reducing processing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary calculation of the second derivative from the continuous waveform data, transforming the raw data into a more useful form that highlights cardiac function changes. This preliminary processing reduces the complexity of subsequent analysis while maintaining comprehensive monitoring capability.
Data Source
AI summary
A system for evaluating a cardiac pumping function includes an oximeter which is attached to a patient for the purpose of recording a pulse oximeter waveform. A computer is connected to the oximeter to receive metric information from the waveform. With this information, the computer determines the value and location of a second derivative acceleration, d2A/dt2 in the waveform, which indicates the rate of rise/fall of the waveform. A comparator in the computer then compares this with the value and location of maximum second derivative acceleration, d2A/dt2, in earlier waveforms. With this comparison, the computer identifies a trend which can be clinically used to evaluate the efficacy of a cardiac pumping function.