QRS Complex Decomposition for Cardiac Electrical Activity Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
The diagnostic efficiency of standard electrocardiograms (ECGs) for detecting heart diseases such as arrhythmia, myocardial ischemia, and myocardial infarction is unsatisfactory, necessitating a more advanced method for analyzing the QRS complex.
Innovation Solution
A computer-implemented method that decomposes the resultant electric potential forming the QRS complex in a standard electrocardiogram into partial potentials corresponding to specific areas of the left ventricular muscle, using the SFHAM model to determine mathematical functions describing changes in partial potential values, and optimizing these functions to match the measured potential.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If standard ECG assessment methods are used, then the method is simple and inexpensive, but the diagnostic efficiency is highly unsatisfactory
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by decomposing the QRS complex into multiple partial potentials, each representing electrical activity from specific myocardial regions (anterior wall, inferior wall, lateral wall, posterior wall, and septum). This allows detailed regional assessment while maintaining the simplicity of standard ECG recording, thereby improving diagnostic efficiency without requiring complex additional hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new dimension of analysis by transforming the conventional single-waveform ECG assessment into a multi-component decomposition approach. By analyzing the QRS complex as a superposition of partial potentials from different heart regions, the method adds spatial and functional dimensions to the diagnosis, enabling detection of regional abnormalities that standard ECG cannot identify
2Loss of information
If decomposition into partial potentials is performed, then detailed assessment of individual heart areas is enabled, but the calculation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-defining the mathematical models and time intervals for each partial potential based on the known physiology of cardiac depolarization. The time intervals (t0(1),i, t0(2),i, tk(1),i, tk(2),i) and functional forms are established beforehand, allowing the decomposition to proceed through systematic calculation rather than complex iterative optimization, thus reducing computational complexity while preserving information completeness
Data Source
AI summary
The object of the invention is a method for determining electrical activity of cardiac muscle, characterised in that the resultant electric potential (Vwyp) forming the QRS complex in the electrocardiogram obtained during the ECG test is decomposed into partial potentials corresponding to the depolarization of specific areas (i) of the left ventricular muscle (MS).